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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Immunol Rev. 2010 Jan;233(1):181–202. doi: 10.1111/j.0105-2896.2009.00865.x

Fig. 5. Multiple TLR ligands synergistically upregulate IL-23p19 mRNA in macrophages experiencing ER stress.

Fig. 5

BM-derived macrophages from B6 mice remained untreated (−) or were pre-treated with thapsigargin (Tpg) (+) at a concentration of 1 μM for 1 h, then a TLR4 ligand (LPS, 10 ng/ml) was added for an additional 3 h, a TLR3 ligand (Poly I:C, 10 μg/ml) for 5 h, or a TLR2 ligand (Pam3cys, 1 μg/ml) for 3 h. RNA was isolated and IL-23p19 mRNA quantified with qPCR. All values have been normalized to β-actin mRNA. Bars represent mean of triplicate cultures with standard deviation shown. ND, not detected. Asterisks indicate P < 0.05 compared to respective (−) Tpg controls.