Table 2.

Drug use profiles of control subjects and ecstasy users

	Controls (n = 50)					Ecstasy users (n = 49)
Number (%)	Confirmeda	Self-report				Confirmeda	Self-report
		(<6 months)		(>6 months)	≥1×/month		(<6 months)	(>6 months)	≥1×/month
MDMA	0	0		0		49 (100)	49 (100)	48 (98)	40 (82)
MDA	0	0		0		40 (82)	0	0	0
Meth/Amph	0	0		0		32 (65)	9 (18)	21 (43)	5 (10)
Cocaine	0	0		1 (2)		23 (47)	14 (29)	29 (59)	11 (22)
Opioids	0	0		0		1 (2)	0 (0)	7 (14)	2 (4)
LSD	0	0		0		n/e	4 (8)	13 (27)	2 (4)
Mushrooms	0	0		2		n/e	9 (18)	22 (45)	3 (6)
Ketamine	0	0		0		4 (8)	18 (37)	22 (45)	13 (27)
GHB	n/e	0		0		n/e	10 (20)	19 (39)	6 (12)
THC	1 (2)	7 (14)		13 (26)	5 (10)	15 (31)	37 (76)	40 (82)	29 (59)
EtOH	0	35 (70)				0	41 (84)
Tobacco	n/e	5 (10)		9 (18)		n/e	30 (61)	36 (74)
PCP	0	0		0		0	0	0
Pattern of MDMA use			Controls			Ecstasy users
Years of ecstasy use			n/a			4.1 ± 0.4 years; range 0.5–12 years
Age at onset of use			n/a			21.8 ± 0.8; range 14–38
Lifetime pills used			n/a			206 ± 31. pills; median 126; range 4–922
Typical monthly dose			n/a			5.3 ± 1.3 pills; median 2.3; range 0.2–60
Dose taken per use			n/a			2.2 ± 0.3 pills; median 1.5; range 0.5–10
Times used per month			n/a			2.2 ± 0.3 times; median 1.5; range 0.3–10
Maximum dose per use			n/a			4.4 ± 0.5 pills; median 3; range 1–20
Days withdrawn prior to PET			n/a			45.2 ± 4.7 days; median 38; range 11–194

n/e = not examined; Meth = methamphetamine; Amph = amphetamine; LSD = lysergic acid diethylamide; GHB = gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; THC = tetrahydrocannabinol (cannabis); EtOH = alcohol; PCP = phencyclidine.

a Use confirmed by hair/urine testing at interviews.