Table 3.
Marginal probabilities [and 95% confidence intervals] from probit models estimating associations of perceived caregiver substance abuse and other risk factors with CPS case outcomes
| Services Arranged or Provided |
Maltreatment Substantiated |
Child Removed from Home |
TPR Pursued |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1: Child and family characteristics, maltreatment allegations, maltreatment severity, and risk factors | ||||
| Perceived caregiver substance abuse | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| One or more caregiver-related risks | 0.06 [0.00, 0.13] |
−0.05 [−0.11, 0.01] |
0.07** [0.02, 0.11] |
0.01 [−0.00, 0.02] |
| One or more indicators of prior maltreatment/CPS involvement | 0.07* [0.00, 0.13] |
−0.03 [−0.09, 0.02] |
0.08*** [0.04, 0.12] |
0.01* [0.00, 0.03] |
| One or more parenting skills-related risks | 0.25*** [0.17, 0.33] |
0.25*** [0.19, 0.32] |
0.11*** [0.07, 0.15] |
0.01 [−0.00, 0.03] |
| One or more physical violence-related risks | 0.12*** [0.07, 0.17] |
0.10*** [0.05, 0.16] |
−0.02 [−0.06, 0.02] |
−0.00 [−0.02, 0.01] |
| One or more negative parent interactions with CPS | −0.01 [−0.13, 0.11] |
0.05 [−0.04, 0.13] |
0.14*** [0.06, 0.21] |
0.02* [0.00, 0.04] |
| One or more situational risks | 0.18*** [0.13, 0.23] |
0.07** [0.02, 0.012] |
0.06** [0.02, 0.11] |
0.02** [0.01, 0.03] |
| Wald tests of joint significance [F-statistics (and p-values)]: | ||||
| Child and family characteristics | 2.08 (0.065) | 2.57 (0.025) | 2.29 (0.043) | 3.81 (0.002) |
| Maltreatment allegations | 4.55 (0.001) | 4.76 (0.001) | 1.47 (0.210) | 1.75 (0.132) |
| Maltreatment severity | 14.65 (0.000) | 29.44 (0.000) | 27.96 (0.000) | 15.73 (0.000) |
| Maltreatment-related risk factors | 8.95 (0.000) | 6.32 (0.000) | 7.11 (0.000) | 7.16 (0.000) |
| Model 2: Add caseworker-perceived caregiver substance abuse | ||||
| Perceived caregiver substance abuse | 0.14*** [0.07, 0.22] |
0.18*** [0.10, 0.26] |
0.07*** [0.04, 0.11] |
0.01 [−0.00, 0.03] |
| One or more caregiver-related risks | 0.05a [−0.01, 0.11] |
−0.07*a [−0.13, −0.01] |
0.06** [0.01, 0.10] |
0.01 [−0.00, 0.02] |
| One or more indicators of prior maltreatment/CPS involvement | 0.06* [−0.00, 0.13] |
−0.04a [−0.10, 0.02] |
0.08*** [0.04, 0.12] |
0.01* [0.00, 0.03] |
| One or more parenting skills-related risks | 0.24*** [0.16, 0.32] |
0.24*** [0.18, 0.31] |
0.11*** [0.07, 0.14] |
0.01 [−0.00, 0.02] |
| One or more physical violence-related risks | 0.11*** [0.05, 0.16] |
0.09** [0.03, 0.14] |
−0.02a [−0.06, 0.01] |
−0.00 [−0.02, 0.01] |
| One or more negative parent interactions with CPS | −0.03a [−0.15, 0.10] |
0.03a [−0.07, 0.12] |
0.13** [0.05, 0.21] |
0.02 [−0.00, 0.04] |
| One or more situational risks | 0.16*** [0.11, 0.22] |
0.05a [−0.01, 0.10] |
0.05* [0.01, 0.10] |
0.02** [0.00, 0.03] |
| Wald tests of joint significance [F-statistics (and p-values)]: | ||||
| Child and family characteristics | 2.30 (0.043) | 1.80 (0.110) | 2.25 (0.047) | 3.43 (0.005) |
| Maltreatment allegations | 3.94 (0.003) | 3.52 (0.006) | 1.20 (0.318) | 1.62 (0.164) |
| Maltreatment severity | 11.73 (0.000) | 21.51 (0.000) | 23.14 (0.000) | 14.85 (0.000) |
| Maltreatment-related risk factors | 7.23 (0.000) | 4.28 (0.000) | 6.56 (0.000) | 5.89 (0.000) |
Note: 4,156 observations. Marginal probabilities [and 95% confidence intervals] from probit models are presented for perceived caregiver substance abuse and maltreatment-related risk factors; all models also control for child and family characteristics, maltreatment allegations, maltreatment severity, and maltreatment-related risk factors (listed in Table 1). Data are weighted.
*
p<0.05;
**
p<0.01;
***
p<0.001.
a
Significantly different (Wald test) from “Perceived caregiver substance abuse” at p < 0.05.