Table 1.

Suggested clinicopathological correlations in human MSA and the relevance of the (PLP)-αSYN mouse model. (Wenning et al., 1997; Yoshida, 2007; Benarroch, 2003; Schmeichel et al., 2008; Yamamoto et al., 2005; Stefanova et al., 2005a,b).

Clinical presentation of MSA	Pathological findings in human MSA (including neuronal loss and GCIs)	Pathology in the (PLP)-αSYN mouse
Neuronal loss	GCIs
Parkinsonism	Substantia nigra	+	+
Striatum	−	+
Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus	+	+
Ataxia	Olivopontocerebellar atrophy	−	+
Orthostatic hypotension	Intermediolateral columns	−	+
Ventrolateral medulla (C1 and A1)	Na	+
Dorsal vagal nucleus	Na	+
Locus coeruleus	+	+
Nucleus ambiguus	+	+
Urinary dysfunction	Suprapontine micturition centers	Na	+
Pontine micturition center	Na	+
Intermediolateral columns	−	+
Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus	+	+
Onuf's nucleus	+	+
Laryngeal stridor	Nucleus ambiguus	+	+
REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD)	Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus	+	+

+, reported; −, not reported; Na, not analysed.