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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 2.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2009 Oct;47(10):1077–1083. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181a80fc9

TABLE 2.

Odds Ratios for Seeking Mental Health Care Between Six- and Twelve-Month Postinjury (N = 391)

Predictors Bivariate
Block 1: Need
Block 2: Predisposing
Block 3: Enabling
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Need factors
 PTSD symptom severity 2.04* 1.55–2.70 1.23 0.68–2.19 1.89† 1.03–3.46 2.03† 1.02–4.05
 Depression symptom severity 2.02* 1.54–2.65 1.22 0.70–2.13 0.87 0.50–1.51 0.74 0.39–1.40
 Alcohol consumption 0.63‡ 0.45–0.88 0.63‡ 0.47–0.85 0.67† 0.47–0.97 0.68 0.45–1.02
 Subjective distress 2.26* 1.50–2.35 1.89‡ 1.29–2.78 1.83‡ 1.25–2.67 1.39 0.91–2.13
Predisposing factors
 Age (decades) 1.44‡ 1.17–1.78 — — 1.32 0.97–1.79 1.38† 1.00–1.90
 Female 0.91 0.47–1.74 — — 0.65 0.28–1.50 0.68 0.28–1.65
 Ethnicity
  Non-Hispanic White 1.00 — — — 1.00 — 1.00 —
  African American 0.50 0.21–1.19 — — 0.53 0.21–1.36 0.62 0.21–1.80
  Hispanic American 0.37† 0.17–0.79 — — 0.46 0.19–1.08 0.47 0.19–1.16
  Other 0.26 0.07–1.07 — — 0.23 0.04–1.20 0.43 0.07–2.60
 Injury severity 1.31 0.97–1.76 — — 1.32 0.89–1.96 1.19 0.76–1.85
 Assault 0.95 0.48–1.89 — — 1.04 0.45–2.42 0.79 0.32–1.95
 Previous mental health treatment 3.98* 2.12–7.44 — — 3.81* 1.82–8.00 3.84* 1.92–7.66
Enabling factors
 Monthly income (per $1000) 1.17† 1.03–1.34 — — — — 1.14 0.98–1.33
 Employment status
  Employed 1.00 — — — — — 1.00 —
  Disabled 3.15‡ 1.61–6.18 — — — — 1.93 0.79–4.75
  Unemployed 1.39 0.58–3.33 — — — — 1.53 0.53–4.47
 Insurance with mental health coverage 2.06* 1.08–3.95 — — — — 1.20 0.57–2.50
 Physician referral 10.13* 5.32–19.30 — — — — 7.67* 3.39–17.38
*

P < 0.001.

†

P < 0.05.

‡

P < 0.01.

§

Predisposing factors were assessed at the baseline interview; need and enabling factors were assessed at the 6-month interview. Analyses have been adjusted for trauma center site effects.

C-statistic values for block 1, 2, and 3 were 0.76, 0.82, and 0.87, respectively.