. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Phys Anthropol. 2010 Jun;142(2):246–260. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21221

TABLE 5.

Bivariate statistical genetic analyses: Maximum-likelihood estimates (MLE) of genetic and environmental correlations for the right maxillary molar cusps^a

			Correlations (MLEs)		Significance of Correlations P(Hypothesis)

	Phenotype pairs	N	ρ_G (se)	ρ _E	ρ_G =0	∣ ρ_G ∣=1
UM1	ma-pr	459	0.839 (0.086)	0.076	<0.0001	0.0031
	ma-pa	477	0.887 (0.074)	0.734	<0.0001	0.0170
	ma-hy	464	0.845 (0.085)	0.172	0.0001	0.0032
	pr-pa	459	0.642 (0.129)	0.217	0.0028	<0.0001
	pr-hy	459	0.946 (0.037)	0.640	<0.0001	0.0148
	pa-hy	464	0.681 (0.127)	0.158	0.0014	0.0001

UM2	ma-pr	539	0.096 (0.257)	0.358	0.7134	0.0003
	ma-pa	538	0.716 (0.134)	0.555	0.0039	0.0009
	ma-hy	541	0.486 (0.203)	0.352	0.0548	0.0002
	pr-pa	538	−0.017 (0.309)	0.272	0.9540	0.0046
	pr-hy	539	1	0.631	0.0001	nc
	pa-hy	538	0.282 (0.264)	0.211	0.3340	0.0004

Metacone	UM1-UM2	477	0.971 (0.077)	0.438	<0.0001	0.3464
	UM1-UM3	396	0.345 (0.207)	0.520	0.1508	<0.0001
	UM2-UM3	396	0.416 (0.199)	0.269	0.0674	<0.0001

Paracone	UM1-UM2	480	0.780 (0.136)	0.467	0.0005	0.0311

Protocone	UM1-UM2	459	1	0.323	0.0001	nc

Hypocone	UM1-UM2	464	0.819 (0.127)	0.445	0.0012	0.0286

P(Hypothesis): probability of the hypothesis indicated in the columns below being true given the available pedigreed data; se = standard error; ma = metacone area; pa = paracone area; pr = protocone area; hy=hypocone area; UM1 = first maxillary molar; nc = not calculable.