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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Dev. 2010 Aug 1;19(3):601–626. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00549.x
Affection: Actions that demonstrate warmth and caring, through physical or verbal expression.
Affiliation: Actions that give a sense of or desire for inclusion or belonging.
Aggression: Verbal or physical actions that are hostile and destructive, those that would hurt or cause harm to another.
Blame: Self or other is identified as responsible for a perceived “bad” incident.
Control: Demonstrates a position of power over others. Includes refusal to cooperate, help or comply.
Cooperation: Turn-taking, helping to get something done, or complying.
Danger/Threat: Threatening or scary experience.
Empathy/helping: A worried or concerned look or act to relieve perceived distress or another.
Failure: Demonstrates inability to take care of self, inability to assert desire, gives in to another's demand, inability to resolve, master, or confront source of conflict, dilemma, or threat.
Mastery: Demonstrates one of the following: 1) ability care for self, 2) attempt to engage in challenging activity, or 3) achievement of a goal, 4) a special skill 5) resolving a problem.
None: No themes are apparent in child's play.
Nurturance: Demonstrates care for another or looks after the physical needs of another.
Personal/physical injury/health: Behaves as though s/he is sick, disabled or has an injury.
Rejection: Exclusion of self or other from an activity.
Reparation: Demonstrates “making up” for an accidental or intentional incident.
Rivalry: Show of competition or striving for the attention of another.
Routine: Routine activity such as shopping, sleeping, and eating.
Sharing or giving: Offering something to another.