Table 1.

Sample characteristics by plaque status (n = 325)

Characteristic	No plaque (n = 248)	Plaque (n = 77)	P
Age, years	45.6 ± 6.8	50.6 ± 5.8	<0.0001
SBP, mm Hg	133.6 ± 16.1	136.3 ± 16.2	0.20
DBP, mm Hg	86.3 ± 10.3	86.5 ± 9.4	0.84
Total cholesterol, mmol/l	5.4 ± 1.2	5.52 ± 1.1	0.41
Triglycerides, mmol/1	1.28 ± 0.76	1.59 ± 1.1	0.02
HDL cholesterol, mmol/1	1.41 ± 0.41	1.4 ± 0.41	0.91
LDL cholesterol, mmol/1	3.43 ± 1.1	3.44 ± 0.95	0.91
Glucose, mmol/1	5.44 ± 1.9	6.17 ± 2.4	0.02
BMI	31.4 ± 6.5	31.7 ± 7.4	0.78
Education, years	13.2 ± 2.5	12.6 ± 2.4	0.06
Male sex, %	28.63	40.26	0.05
Diabetic, %	8.06	22.08	0.0007
Current smoker, %	26.21	27.27	0.85
Hypertension, %	53.23	70.13	0.009
Obese, %	54.84	51.95	0.66

SBP = Systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; BMI = body mass index. To convert to mg/dl, divide total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values by 0.0259, divide glucose values by 0.0555, and divide triglyceride values by 0.0113.