Table 2.
Results of a Bayesian estimation of divergence times
| Parameter | Mean ± S.E. | ESS | 95% HPD Lower/Upper |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ln(likelihood) | 2018.99 ± 0.55 | 3517.56 | 2028.77/2007.54 |
| mean substitution rate | 1.37 ± 0.01 | 4896.57 | 0.02/2.43 |
| tmrca(Outgroup) | 186.99 ± 0.03 | 17814.11 | 180.58/194.00 |
| tmrca(Ingroup) | 6.93 ± 0.42 | 1085.77 | 1.09/20.42 |
| tmrca(North India) | 2.84 ± 0.13 | 2944.97 | 0.01/8.83 |
| tmrca(Cratonic India) | 2.48 ± 0.09 | 2796.45 | 0.13/9.48 |
| tmrca(Southeast Asia) | 0.96 ± 0.04 | 2614.02 | 0.07/3.37 |
| tmrca(Malay-Occidental) | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 3219.78 | 0.01/1.5 |
| tmrca(Arabia) | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 4481.45 | 0.00/0.60 |
| tmrca(Sundaic) | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 4426.12 | 0.07/0.57 |
| Tmrca (Ubiquitous) | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 3697.91 | 0.01/0.52 |
Time estimates are given in millions of years (Ma) for nodes representing the most recent common ancestor of relevant clades. The mean substitution rate is expressed per 100 bases per Ma. ESS, effective sample size (corrected for auto-correlation); HPD, the 9% highest posterior probability density (equivalent to a confidence interval); SE, standard error of the mean; TMRCA, time to most recent common ancestor of the taxa in the clade. Here Southeast Asia refers to SEAM (Southeast Asian mainland) and Sundaic.