Table 3.
Multivariate Associations of Changes in Individual-Level Identity Integration and Subsequent Psychological Adjustment.
| Time 1 Variables | Adjustment Outcomes at Time 2 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive Symptoms | Anxious Symptoms | Conduct Problems | Self-Esteem | |||||
| β | β | β | β | β | B | β | β | |
| Step 1: Demographics and Social Context | ||||||||
| Female vs. Male | .00 | .07 | -.08 | .06 | -.07 | -.02 | .01 | -.07 |
| Social Desirability | -.15 | -.09 | -.09 | -.05 | -.10 | -.08 | .21* | .17† |
| Gay/Lesbian vs. Bisexual | .08 | .11 | -.01 | .11 | -.01 | .03 | .05 | -.04 |
| Family Support | -.13 | -.11 | .01 | .04 | -.01 | -.04 | .14 | .11 |
| Friend Support | -.15 | -.12 | -.12 | -.06 | -.12 | -.06 | .03 | .02 |
| Negative Social Relationships | .24* | .20* | .22* | .14 | .19† | -.17† | -.29** | -.24* |
| Gay-Related Stress | -.18† | -.20* | .17† | .09 | -.05 | -.11 | .11 | .14 |
| Step 2: Change in Identity Integration | ||||||||
| Consistently Higha | -.27† | -.58*** | -.31† | .36* | ||||
| Increased from Low/Middling to Higha | -.01 | -.35** | -.02 | .31** | ||||
| Decreased from High to Middlinga | -.18 | -.40** | .02 | .28* | ||||
| Consistently Middlinga | .01 | -.33* | -.31* | .08 | ||||
| R2 | .17** | .24** | .15* | .26*** | .08 | .18* | .21*** | .30*** |
| ΔR2 | .06† | .11** | .11** | .09** | ||||
Note: For each psychological adjustment outcome, two regression models were examined, one with and one without the inclusion of change in identity integration.
a
Consistently low integration was the contrast category.
†
p < .10,
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001.