Table 3.
Adjusteda Odds Ratios for Risk of High Coronary Artery Calcification (>90th Percentile) at Follow-up Year 20, According to 3 Indices of Year 20 Body Mass Indexb and Its History, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, 1985–2006
| BMI at Year 0 |
Ptrend | |||||
| Q1 (19.8)c | Q2 (21.6) | Q3 (23.4) | Q4 (25.3) | Q5 (29.7) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 28/448 | 25/449 | 46/449 | 59/449 | 65/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 6.3 | 5.6 | 10.2 | 13.1 | 14.5 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.8 (0.4, 1.4) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.2) | 1.8 (1.1, 3.1) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.8 (0.4, 1.4) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.9) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.1) | 1.6 (0.9, 2.8) | 0.03 |
| Linear Slope of BMI From Year 0 to Year 20 |
||||||
| Q1 (0.01) | Q2 (0.12) | Q3 (0.21) | Q4 (0.32) | Q5 (0.54) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 66/448 | 57/449 | 34/449 | 40/449 | 26/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 14.7 | 12.7 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 5.8 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.7) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | <0.01 |
| Fluctuation in BMI During 20 Years |
||||||
| Q1 (0.49) | Q2 (0.77) | Q3 (1.05) | Q4 (1.46) | Q5 (2.34) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 36/448 | 42/449 | 39/449 | 61/449 | 45/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 8.0 | 9.4 | 8.7 | 13.6 | 10.0 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 1.2 (0.8, 2.0) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.0) | 2.1 (1.3, 3.4) | 1.7 (1.0, 3.0) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 1.2 (0.7, 1.9) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.9) | 1.9 (1.2, 3.2) | 1.7 (1.0, 3.0) | <0.01 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; Q, quintile.
This table presents results from 2 separate models with different covariates. Each model included BMI at year 0, slope of BMI from year 0 to year 20, fluctuation in BMI from year 0 to year 20, and covariates measured at year 20. Covariates for model 1 were age, sex, race/ethnicity, study center, cigarette smoking, and physical activity. Covariates for model 2 were those for model 1 plus systolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose.
Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
Numbers in parentheses, median value.