Table 4.
Adjusteda Odds Ratios for Risk of High Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness (>90th Percentile) at Follow-up Year 20, According to 3 Indices of Body Mass Indexb and Its History, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, 1985–2006
| BMI at Year 0 |
Ptrend | |||||
| Q1 (19.8)c | Q2 (21.6) | Q3 (23.4) | Q4 (25.3) | Q5 (29.7) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 15/448 | 21/449 | 41/449 | 61/449 | 87/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 3.3 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 13.6 | 19.4 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 1.3 (0.6, 2.5) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.9) | 2.8 (1.5, 5.1) | 4.6 (2.5, 8.4) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 1.2 (0.6, 2.4) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.7) | 2.6 (1.4, 4.9) | 3.6 (2.0, 6.8) | <0.01 |
| Linear Slope of BMI From Year 0 to Year 20 |
||||||
| Q1 (0.01) | Q2 (0.12) | Q3 (0.21) | Q4 (0.32) | Q5 (0.54) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 35/448 | 27/449 | 48/449 | 58/449 | 57/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 7.8 | 6.0 | 10.7 | 12.9 | 12.7 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 1.4 (0.9, 2.4) | 1.7 (1.0, 2.7) | 1.9 (1.1, 3.1) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.3) | 1.6 (0.9, 2.6) | 1.8 (1.0, 3.0) | <0.01 |
| Fluctuation in BMI During 20 Years |
||||||
| Q1 (0.49) | Q2 (0.77) | Q3 (1.05) | Q4 (1.46) | Q5 (2.34) | ||
| No. of cases/no. of participants | 31/448 | 41/449 | 42/449 | 50/449 | 61/448 | |
| Unadjusted % | 6.9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 11.1 | 13.6 | |
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.2) | 0.30 |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Referent | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.1) | 0.55 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; Q, quintile.
This table presents results from 2 separate models with different covariates. Each model included BMI at year 0, slope of BMI from year 0 to year 20, fluctuation in BMI from year 0 to year 20, and covariates measured at year 20. Covariates for model 1 were age, sex, race/ethnicity, study center, cigarette smoking, and physical activity. Covariates for model 2 were those for model 1 plus systolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose.
Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
Numbers in parentheses, median value.