Table 4.

Physiological impact of acute inspiratory pressure loading

	Healthy control %Δ	Heart failure %Δ	P value
Pulmonary pressures
Wb	209.9 ± 43.2	208.6 ± 23.4	0.13
Ppl mean insp	98.1 ± 14.0	89.7 ± 7.8	0.62
∫Ppl,inspt	219.7 ± 39.5	183.0 ± 12.7	0.44
∫Ppl,totalt	304.5 ± 74.9	333.0 ± 72.4	0.79
Haemodynamics
	9.8 ± 2.3	2.1 ± 5.3	0.20
SV	7.9 ± 2.4	−2.1 ± 6.0	0.14
HR	1.8 ± 0.5	4.6 ± 2.2	0.23
SBP	4.3 ± 1.3	4.0 ± 1.1	0.88
DBP	−0.3 ± 3.3	0.2 ± 2.1	0.91
MAP	4.6 ± 1.2	2.5 ± 1.2	0.25
LBF	0.3 ± 6.0	−5.4 ± 6.0	0.26
	−7.9 ± 5.5	−4.3 ± 7.8	0.36
	−0.8 ± 5.7	−6.2 ± 5.7	0.24
LVR	6.7 ± 9.1	17.6 ± 11.3	0.24
Blood gases
	−7.9 ± 1.3	−3.2 ± 1.8	0.05
	7.1 ± 1.6	1.9 ± 1.8	0.06
	−0.7 ± 0.6	−2.0 ± 0.6	0.35
	1.6 ± 1.0	−6.9 ± 2.2	0.004
	3.0 ± 0.9	4.4 ± 1.8	0.50
	1.3 ± 2.5	−8.8 ± 3.2	0.02
a–v O2 diff	−1.0 ± 0.8	0.1 ± 1.5	0.56
Ventilation
	8.4 ± 2.7	3.7 ± 6.3	0.52
	−9.1 ± 4.2	−2.8 ± 5.9	0.40
VT	3.8 ± 7.7	15.1 ± 8.1	0.33
RR	−9.3 ± 6.7	−12.9 ± 4.3	0.65
TI	37.0 ± 12.2	36.8 ± 11.6	0.99
TTOT	7.6 ± 6.8	15.1 ± 7.7	0.47

Symbols and abbreviations as defined in Table 3. Data are presented as mean ±s.e.m.