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Equipotential contour plots are shown for (a) common 2.0 V trapping conditions and (b) the TREC trapping conditions. The voltages for the modulated (TREC) trapping conditions with increasing electrode radius are 0.2, 1.1, 2.0, 2.4, and 2.8 V respectively, as shown on the rings. A dashed line through the cell located at 38% cell radius is depicted.
