Table 1.
Patient characteristics* according to quintiles of ALT
| Men (N = 6561) | 1st Quintile | 2nd Quintile | 3rd Quintile | 4th Quintile | 5th Quintile | ANOVA/χ2 | P for linear trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALT<16 | 16≤ALT<20 | 20≤ALT<23 | 23≤ALT<29 | 29≤ALT≤40 | ||||||||
| N | 1196 | 1545 | 1121 | 1460 | 1239 | P Value | ||||||
| Age (years) | 44 | (11) | 44 | (11) | 44 | (11) | 44 | (11) | 44 | (11) | 0.757 | 0.280 |
| Waist (cm) | 94 | (10) | 95 | (11) | 95 | (11) | 95 | (10) | 95 | (10) | 0.299 | 0.032 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 | (4) | 27 | (4) | 27 | (4) | 27 | (4) | 27 | (4) | 0.084 | 0.017 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78 | (9) | 78 | (8) | 78 | (8) | 78 | (9) | 79 | (8) | 0.206 | 0.025 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125 | (15) | 124 | (14) | 124 | (15) | 124 | (15) | 125 | (14) | 0.603 | 0.865 |
| Alcohol consumption (glasses/week) | 1.0 | (1.5) | 1.1 | (1.6) | 1.1 | (1.5) | 1.1 | (1.6) | 0.9 | (1.5) | 0.132 | 0.189 |
| Exercise intensity (hours/week) | 2.4 | (3.0) | 2.3 | (2.7) | 2.2 | (2.5) | 2.3 | (2.9) | 2.2 | (2.5) | 0.274 | 0.102 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.685 | |||||||||||
| Current | 184 | (15.7) | 256 | (17.0) | 177 | (16.0) | 215 | (15.0) | 207 | (17.1) | ||
| Former | 292 | (24.9) | 396 | (26.2) | 286 | (25.9) | 388 | (27.1) | 328 | (27.1) | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 286 | (23.9) | 362 | (23.4) | 298 | (26.6) | 340 | (23.3) | 328 | (26.5) | 0.111 | |
| Anti-hypertensive medications, n(%) | 100 | (8.4) | 145 | (9.4) | 118 | (10.5) | 133 | (9.1) | 135 | (10.9) | 0.192 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome, n (%) | 87 | (7.3) | 167 | (10.8) | 131 | (11.7) | 258 | (17.7) | 273 | (22.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.86 | (0.45) | 4.99 | (0.50) | 5.07 | (0.52) | 5.13 | (0.53) | 5.19 | (0.55) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.57 | (0.39) | 1.50 | (0.37) | 1.46 | (0.36) | 1.39 | (0.33) | 1.34 | (0.31) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.90 | (0.81) | 3.07 | (0.82) | 3.11 | (0.80) | 3.20 | (0.82) | 3.21 | (0.80) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides† (mmol/L) | 0.95 | 1.00 | 1.09 | 1.21 | 1.35 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
| Statins, n(%) | 117 | (9.8) | 142 | (9.2) | 97 | (8.7) | 129 | (8.8) | 124 | (10.0) | 0.732 | |
| Fibrates, n(%) | 14 | (1.2) | 19 | (1.2) | 11 | (1.0) | 12 | (0.8) | 10 | (0.8) | 0.718 | |
| Women (N = 3389) | 1st Quintile | 2nd Quintile | 3rd Quintile | 4th Quintile | 5th Quintile | ANOVA | P for linear trend | |||||
| ALT<16 | 16≤ALT<19 | 19≤ALT<22 | 22≤ALT<27 | 27≤ALT≤35 | P Value | |||||||
| N = | 767 | 652 | 607 | 738 | 625 | |||||||
| Age (years) | 44 | (11) | 45 | (11) | 45 | (11) | 45 | (11) | 45 | (11) | 0.703 | 0.369 |
| Waist (cm) | 82 | (12) | 82 | (12) | 82 | (12) | 82 | (12) | 83 | (11) | 0.389 | 0.171 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25 | (5) | 25 | (5) | 25 | (5) | 25 | (5) | 26 | (5) | 0.489 | 0.248 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73 | (8) | 74 | (8) | 74 | (8) | 74 | (9) | 74 | (8) | 0.209 | 0.019 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 117 | (15) | 117 | (16) | 117 | (15) | 117 | (16) | 118 | (16) | 0.688 | 0.420 |
| Alcohol consumption (glasses/week) | 0.5 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (1.2) | 0.5 | (1.1) | 0.999 | 0.867 |
| Exercise intensity (hours/week) | 1.9 | (2.8) | 1.8 | (2.5) | 2.0 | (3.4) | 1.7 | (2.3) | 1.8 | (2.4) | 0.474 | 0.329 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.447 | |||||||||||
| Current | 150 | (19.9) | 129 | (20.3) | 99 | (16.6) | 136 | (18.8) | 114 | (18.7) | ||
| Former | 145 | (19.2) | 124 | (19.5) | 131 | (22.0) | 125 | (17.3) | 126 | (20.7) | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 106 | (13.8) | 111 | (17.0) | 89 | (14.7) | 118 | (16.0) | 101 | (16.2) | 0.481 | |
| Anti-hypertensive medications, n(%) | 55 | (7.2) | 56 | (8.6) | 46 | (7.6) | 52 | (7.0) | 40 | (6.4) | 0.648 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome, n (%) | 84 | (11.0) | 102 | (15.6) | 106 | (17.5) | 173 | (23.4) | 180 | (28.8) | < 0.001 | |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.87 | (0.48) | 4.95 | (0.50) | 5.05 | (0.53) | 5.12 | (0.55) | 5.18 | (0.55) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.60 | (0.37) | 1.52 | (0.40) | 1.48 | (0.37) | 1.41 | (0.35) | 1.35 | (0.33) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.90 | (0.80) | 3.02 | (0.80) | 3.13 | (0.79) | 3.19 | (0.81) | 3.15 | (0.85) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides† (mmol/L) | 0.93 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 1.21 | 1.29 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
| Statins, n(%) | 59 | (7.7) | 40 | (6.1) | 48 | (7.9) | 41 | (5.6) | 33 | (5.3) | 0.164 | |
| Fibrates, n(%) | 6 | (0.8) | 5 | (0.8) | 5 | (0.8) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.2) | 0.073 | |
* - Data are arithmetic means (S.D.) or N (%).
† - Geometric means.
List of Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.