TABLE 4.

Differentially expressed genes in LT2 and PT4 under the chlorine treatments^a

Function and gene	Annotation	Fold change
		130 ppm, 30 min		390 ppm, 10 min
		LT2	PT4	LT2	PT4
Fe-S cluster formation and cysteine synthesis/transport protein
hscA	Chaperone protein HscA	1.59	1.16	1.12	1.09
hscB	Cochaperone HscB	1.56	1.25	1.23	1.26
iscA	Iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein	2.07	1.84	1.17	1.20
iscR/yfhP	DNA-binding transcriptional regulator IscR	3.45	3.45	1.61	1.39
fdx	Electron carrier protein	1.81	1.39	1.19	1.10
sufE/ynhA	Cysteine desulfuration protein SufE	1.16	1.06	1.04	−1.03
sufS	Bifunctional cysteine desulfurase/selenocysteine lyase	1.06	−1.06	1.24	1.06
sufD	Cysteine desulfurase activator complex subunit SufD	1.07	−1.02	1.25	1.11
sufC	Cysteine desulfurase ATPase component	1.09	1.02	1.16	1.16
sufB	Cysteine desulfurase activator complex subunit SufB	1.15	1.04	1.14	1.02
sufA	Iron-sulfur cluster assembly scaffold protein	1.14	−1.05	1.24	1.13
yfhJ	Hypothetical protein	1.61	1.34	1.16	1.16
nifS	Cysteine desulfurase	3.31	3.04	1.26	1.57
nifU	NifU-like protein	3.49	2.92	1.29	1.23
yfhP	Putative iron-sulfur cluster regulatory protein	3.45	3.45	1.39	1.61
sbp	Sulfate transport protein	1.47	1.81	−1.10	−1.11
cysC	Adenylylsulfate kinase	1.93	1.56	1.35	1.20
cysN	Sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 1	2.28	2.90	1.25	1.45
cysD	Sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 2	2.09	2.99	1.18	1.44
cysH	Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate reductase	1.72	1.66	1.28	1.12
cysI	Sulfite reductase subunit beta	2.05	2.06	1.14	1.32
cysJ	Sulfite reductase subunit alpha	1.71	1.92	1.37	1.38
cysA	Sulfate/thiosulfate transporter subunit	1.52	1.44	1.23	1.11
cysP	Thiosulfate transport protein	2.69	2.31	1.58	1.37
cysK	Cysteine synthase A	2.72	3.71	1.23	1.42
Phosphotransferase system
manX	Mannose-specific enzyme IIAB	−1.64	−2.71	−2.32	−3.36
manY	Mannose-specific enzyme IIC	−1.72	−2.47	−2.01	−2.50
manZ	Mannose-specific enzyme IID	−1.31	−1.76	−1.49	−1.83
ptsH	Phosphohistidinoprotein-hexosephosphotransferase	−1.56	−2.26	−2.35	−2.62
ptsI	PEP-protein phosphotransferaseb	−1.47	−1.92	−2.11	−2.12
ptsG	Glucose-specific IIBC component	−1.52	−1.74	−1.52	−1.72
Cell envelope
ompF	Outer membrane protein F precursor	−1.25	−1.63	−1.32	−2.03
ompA	Putative hydrogenase membrane component precurosr	1.65	1.33	−1.23	−1.45
nmpC	Putative outer membrane porin precursor	−3.19	−2.52	−3.56	−3.21
ompC	Outer membrane protein C precursor	−1.25	−1.69	−1.10	−1.41
fljB	Flagellin	1.07	1.02	−1.82	−1.65
flgB	Flagellar basal body rod protein	−1.57	−1.50	−1.74	−1.81
flgC	Flagellar basal body rod protein	−1.89	−1.81	−1.86	−1.75
flgD	Flagellar basal body rod modification protein	−1.87	−1.71	−1.78	−1.62
flgE	Flagellar hook protein	−1.66	−1.77	−1.86	−1.88
flgF	Cell-proximal portion of basal body rod	−1.54	−1.65	−1.52	−1.71
flgG	Flagellar basal body rod protein	−1.47	−1.68	−1.54	−1.58
fliA	Flagellar biosynthesis sigma factor FliA	−1.19	−1.53	−1.44	−1.48
fliR	Flagellar biosynthesis protein	−1.08	1.13	1.02	1.54
Nitrosative-stress-sensitive proteins
atpA	ATP synthase subunit A	−1.53	−2.09	−1.86	−2.20
fabB	3-Oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase	2.08	1.19	1.01	−1.20
fabF	3-Oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase	−1.24	−1.93	−1.52	−1.91
gapA	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	−1.13	−1.41	−2.04	−2.01
tuf	Elongation factor Tu	−1.17	−1.39	−1.72	−1.58
gltA	Citrate synthase	1.55	1.49	1.27	1.26
Metabolic genes
atpD	ATP synthase subunit B	−1.36	−1.97	−1.39	−1.92
atpF	ATP synthase subunit B	−1.29	−1.76	−1.57	−1.95
atpG	ATP synthase subunit C	−1.46	−2.04	−1.63	−2.13
atpH	ATP synthase subunit D	−1.51	−2.16	−1.80	−2.38
lamB	Maltoporin precursor	−1.00	−2.31	−1.17	−2.13
malE	Periplasmic maltose-binding protein	1.02	−1.59	−1.12	−1.51
malM	Periplasmic protein precursor		−1.88	−1.16	−1.81
malK	Maltose transport protein/repressor	−1.03	−2.04	−1.13	−1.86
malP	Maltodextrin phosphorylase	−1.04	−1.74	−1.05	−1.65
malQ	4-Alpha-glucanotransferase	−1.02	−1.53	−1.05	−1.46
pta	Phosphate acetyltransferase	−1.72	−2.28	−1.67	−1.82
Regulatory genes
dksA	DnaK suppressor protein	1.58	1.21	1.10	1.04
yfiA	Ribosome stabilization factor	2.04	1.58	1.14	1.02
Biofilm formation
bssS	Biofilm formation regulatory protein BssS	1.57	1.37	1.07	1.04
ycfR	Putative outer membrane protein	2.76	2.30	1.44	1.54
Biosynthesis and degradation of surface polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides
rfbH	CDP-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose-3-dehydrase	−1.30	−1.45	−1.56	−1.68
rfbF	Glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase	−1.40	−1.46	−1.73	−1.69
rfbC	dTDP-4,deoxyrhamnose-3,5-epimerase	−1.18	−1.20	−1.52	−1.55
rfbA	dTDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	−1.09	−1.13	−1.37	−1.52
rfaJ	Lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase	−1.10	−1.02	−1.26	−1.50

^aDifferential expression characterized by ≥1.5-fold expression (P < 0.05).

^bPEP, phosphoenolpyruvate.