TABLE 1.

Physical properties of 3-hydroxypropionate-containing polyesters and their natural or artificial synthesis from different carbon sources

Polymer	Carbon substrate(s)a	Polyester content (% CDW)	Monomer composition (mol% [range])	Mn (10−5)	Mw/Mn	Organism	Gene(s) involved	Reference(s)
Poly(3HP)	Glycerol	5-12	3HP (100)			E. coli	dhaB1B2Cb, pduPSe, phaC1Cn	3
Poly(3HB-co-3HP)	1,5-Pentanediol	1-42	3HP (1-3), 3HB (97-99)	0.4-2.1	2-6.5	C. necator	phaC1ABCn, acoECn	34
	1,7-Heptanediol	10-13	3HP (2-4), 3HB (96-98)	1.4-1.8	2.4-2.6	C. necator	phaC1ABCn, acoECn	34
	3-Hydroxypropionate	11-50	3HP (13-22), 3HB (12-87)	1.1-4.0	2.1-4.5	A. lata	phaC1ABCn	19, 39
	3-Hydroxypropionate	1-23	3HP (4-7), 3HB (93-96)	5.9-14	1.6-2.5	C. necator	phaC1ABCn, acoECn	34
	3-Hydroxypropionate	12-16	3HP (13-27), 3HB (73-97)			E. coli	phaC1ABCn, prpESe	43
	3-Hydroxypropionate	10-14	3HP (17-21), 3HB (79-83)			E. coli	phaC1ABCn, orfZCk	43
	3-Hydroxypropionate	3.9-11.8	3HP (4.3-10.5), 3HB (89.5-95.7)			Methylobacterium sp. strain KCTC 0048	phaC1ABCn	23
	Sugars, fatty acids	31-53	3HP (0.4-2.1), 3HB (97.9-99.6)			C. necator	phaC1ABCn, mcrCa, acsCa	16
Poly(4HB-co-3HP-co-2HP)	3-Hydroxypropionate					E. coli	pctCp, ptbCa, bukCa	37
Poly(3HB-co-3HP-co-4HB-co-2HP)	3-Hydroxypropionate					E. coli	pctCp, ptbCa, bukCa	37
Poly(3HP-co-3HB-co-3HH-co-3HO)	Octanoate, acrylic acid	11.8	3HP (1.4-6.5), 3HB (81.7-95.9), 3HH (2.1-10.2), 3HO (0.6-1.6)	6.3-8.0	2.3-2.5	C. necator	phaC1ABCn, phaC1Pa	14

^aCarbon substrate converted into the 3HP monomer.