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. 2010 Jul 6;172(3):334–343. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq099

Table 2.

Simulation Results on the Estimates for (β12) With n = 1,000 and X2 Slightly Skewed

p and β υi Moderate Collinearity Strong Collinearity
First Events All Events First Events All Events
Average Estimatea Average SErb CPrc Average Estimate Average SEr CPr Average Estimate Average SEr CPr Average Estimate Average SEr CPr
p = 0.5
    β1 = −0.5 0 −0.5000 0.0637 94.7 −0.4994 0.0393 94.9 −0.5019 0.0727 94.8 −0.5004 0.0450 94.7
±0.25 −0.5124 0.0623 95.1 −0.4993 0.0426 95.0 −0.5145 0.0712 94.3 −0.5003 0.0487 94.9
γ −0.5058 0.0699 95.3 −0.4993 0.0451 95.0 −0.5077 0.0804 94.7 −0.5001 0.0515 94.9
    β2 = 0.05 0 0.0501 0.0404 94.8 0.0499 0.0265 95.1 0.0505 0.0449 94.8 0.0507 0.0288 94.9
±0.25 0.0506 0.0394 94.3 0.0496 0.0287 94.9 0.0519 0.0439 94.7 0.0505 0.0311 94.8
γ 0.0503 0.0449 95.2 0.0499 0.0303 95.0 0.0511 0.0497 94.8 0.0499 0.0328 94.8
    β1 = −0.025 0 −0.0251 0.0084 94.9 −0.0251 0.0081 94.8 −0.0250 0.0095 94.8 −0.0249 0.0093 94.6
±0.025 −0.0251 0.0084 94.8 −0.0251 0.0082 94.9 −0.0251 0.0095 95.0 −0.0251 0.0093 94.8
γ −0.0249 0.0090 95.1 −0.0249 0.0088 95.0 −0.0251 0.0103 95.1 −0.0251 0.0100 95.0
    β2 = 0.005 0 0.0057 0.1129 95.3 0.0056 0.1098 95.1 0.0042 0.1231 95.2 0.0039 0.1196 95.0
±0.025 0.0043 0.1126 94.8 0.0044 0.1104 94.8 0.0056 0.1227 95.5 0.0059 0.1200 95.1
γ 0.0043 0.1218 95.2 0.0049 0.1188 94.9 0.0048 0.1323 95.3 0.0046 0.1288 95.1
p = 0.7
    β1 = −0.5 0 −0.5041 0.0744 95.0 −0.5001 0.0446 94.9 −0.5023 0.0816 95.2 −0.4995 0.0497 94.8
±0.25 −0.5160 0.0800 94.8 −0.4997 0.0496 94.9 −0.5159 0.0878 94.5 −0.4998 0.0553 94.8
γ −0.5086 0.0807 94.9 −0.5000 0.0497 95.1 −0.5093 0.0885 95.1 −0.5002 0.0555 94.9
    β2 = 0.05 0 0.0503 0.0374 94.8 0.0505 0.0254 94.8 0.0498 0.0429 95.1 0.0498 0.0287 95.1
±0.25 0.0514 0.0407 94.9 0.0500 0.0289 95.1 0.0506 0.0466 95.1 0.0498 0.0323 94.7
γ 0.0508 0.0411 94.9 0.0502 0.0289 95.2 0.0513 0.0470 94.7 0.0507 0.0324 94.9
    β1 = −0.025 0 −0.0250 0.0096 94.3 −0.0249 0.0093 94.3 −0.0253 0.0106 94.8 −0.0251 0.0103 94.6
±0.025 −0.0251 0.0102 94.5 −0.0251 0.0099 94.7 −0.0251 0.0113 95.0 −0.0250 0.0109 94.7
γ −0.0251 0.0103 94.9 −0.0250 0.0099 94.6 −0.0248 0.0113 94.8 −0.0248 0.0109 94.5
    β2 = 0.005 0 0.0068 0.1070 95.2 0.0071 0.1043 95.0 0.0067 0.1206 95.1 0.0065 0.1174 95.0
±0.025 0.0049 0.1149 95.3 0.0051 0.1124 95.1 0.0046 0.1290 95.3 0.0049 0.1259 95.0
γ 0.0045 0.1151 95.2 0.0041 0.1126 94.9 0.0048 0.1293 95.1 0.0051 0.1263 95.0

Abbreviations: CP, coverage proportion; SE, standard error.

a

Average of the parameter estimates.

b

Average of the robust standard error estimates.

c

95% coverage proportion based on the robust standard error estimates.