Fig. 5.

Functional significance of changes in innate immune gene expression in human heart failure. Changes in innate immune gene expression in ischemic, idiopathic dilated and viral cardiomyopathies were compared to non-failing hearts for the transcripts shown in Table 2 and were projected onto a map of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Increased gene expression is depicted in red, decreased gene expression is depicted in blue, and no change in gene expression is depicted as an open symbol. Changes in ischemic cardiomyopathy are depicted as an open symbols, changes in idiopathic cardiomyopathy is depicted as an square symbols, and changes in viral cardiomyopathy are depicted as triangles.