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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 Jul;58(7):1263–1271. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02953.x

Table 2.

Mean on-trial, post-trial, and overall test scores and, expressed in standard deviation units, relative domain-specific treatment effects ([unk]active minus placebo): adjustment for baseline 3MS score, trial (CEE+MPA vs CEE-Alone), time since WHISCA enrollment, age, education, race/ethnicity, smoking status, body mass index, hypertension, alcohol intake, prior cardiovascular disease, diabetes, prior use of hormone therapy, and prior use of oral contraceptives.

Cognitive domain [Range] On-trial Post-trial Overall Consistency of
on-trial and
post-trial effects
p-value
Mean (SE) p-value Mean (SE) p-value Mean (SE) p-value
Global cognitive function
3MSE [0-100]
 Active 96.58 (0.09) 96.44 (0.09) 96.51 (0.07)
 Placebo 96.84 (0.09) 96.68 (0.09) 96.76 (0.07)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.073 (0.027) 0.007 −0.070 (0.028) 0.01 −0.071 (0.025) 0.004 0.89
Verbal knowledge
PMA Vocabulary [0-50]
 Active 37.21 (0.24) 37.53 (0.24) 37.37 (0.23)
 Placebo 37.93 (0.24) 38.04 (0.24) 37.99 (0.23)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.066 (0.032) 0.04 −0.053 (0.033) 0.11 −0.060 (0.031) 0.05 0.53
Verbal fluency
Letter Fluency [≥0]
 Active 41.20 (0.32) 41.56 (0.33) 41.36 (0.29)
 Placebo 41.76 (0.32) 41.49 (0.32) 41.64 (0.29)
Category Fluency [≥0]
 Active 28.05 (0.16) 28.18 (0.16) 28.11 (0.13)
 Placebo 28.60 (0.15) 28.32 (0.16) 28.47 (0.13)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.083 (0.034) 0.02 −0.006 (0.035) 0.86 −0.048 (0.032) 0.13 0.009
Verbal memory
CVLT-A [0-48]
 Active 27.33 (0.16) 27.38 (0.16) 27.35 (0.13)
 Placebo 27.77 (0.16) 27.68 (0.16) 27.73 (0.13)
CVLT-A Long Delay [0-16]
 Active 9.16 (0.08) 9.10 (0.08) 9.13 (0.06)
 Placebo 9.27 (0.08) 9.08 (0.08) 9.17 (0.06)
CVLT-A Short Delay [0-16]
 Active 8.29 (0.08) 8.19 (0.08) 8.24 (0.06)
 Placebo 8.32 (0.08) 8.21 (0.08) 8.27 (0.06)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.039 (0.034) 0.24 −0.013 (0.035) 0.70 −0.027 (0.030) 0.37 0.43
Figural memory BVRT [0-26]
 Active −6.93 (0.10) −6.97 (0.10) −6.95 (0.09)
 Placebo −6.73 (0.10) −6.88 (0.10) −6.80 (0.09)
Domain treatment effect −0.062 (0.031) 0.05 −0.026 (0.032) 0.42 −0.045 (0.027) 0.09 0.28
Attention and working
memory
Digit Span Forward [0-14]
 Active 7.45 (0.06) 7.51 (0.06) 7.48 (0.05)
 Placebo 7.58 (0.06) 7.62 (0.06) 7.60 (0.05)
Digit Span Backward [0-14]
 Active 6.56 (0.05) 6.60 (0.05) 6.58 (0.04)
 Placebo 6.66 (0.05) 6.67 (0.05) 6.67 (0.04)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.064 (0.037) 0.08 −0.039 (0.037) 0.29 −0.053 (0.036) 0.14 0.21
Spatial ability
Card Rotations Test [0-160]
 Active 60.30 (0.75) 59.08 (0.75) 59.70 (0.67)
 Placebo 61.55 (0.73) 60.52 (0.74) 61.04 (0.66)
Domain treatment effect −0.050 (0.039) 0.20 −0.040 (0.039) 0.31 −0.045 (0.038) 0.23 0.59
Fine motor speed
Finger Tapping (dominant
hand) [≥0]
 Active 39.37 (0.19) 39.02 (0.19) 39.20 (0.16)
 Placebo 39.73 (0.18) 39.37 (0.19) 39.55 (0.16)
Finger Tapping (non-
dominant hand) [≥0]
 Active 36.63 (0.17) 36.51 (0.17) 36.57 (0.16)
 Placebo 36.92 (0.17) 36.71 (0.17) 36.82 (0.15)
Domain treatment effect, SD −0.068 (0.034) 0.05 −0.045 (0.035) 0.20 −0.057 (0.030) 0.05 0.54
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