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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 23.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2010 May 27;107(2):283–293. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.221663

Figure 5. Dll4 inhibition induces sprouting angiogenesis.

Figure 5

A, Confocal microscopy images of adductor muscle vasculature (PECAM-1, green), (DAPI, blue) 5 days postischemia. Asterisks indicate capillary sprouts, and dotted line delimits the border of necrotic area. Scale bar: 100 μm. Left, Bar graph showing the number of capillary sprouts. *P=0.003 vs Ad-Null, n=10 mice per group. B, Confocal microscopy images showing increased filopodia extensions from tip cells of Ad-sDll4–injected ischemic muscle vasculature. Whole-mount staining for PECAM-1 (green), α-smooth muscle actin (red), and DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm. C, Confocal microscopy images showing altered arteriolar remodeling in Ad-sDll4–injected ischemic muscles. VSMCs stained with α-smooth muscle actin (red) and PECAM-1 (green). Right corner boxes, Fine confocal section of arterioles pointed by arrows. Arrowheads point newly forming myocyte fibers expressing α-smooth muscle actin. Asterisks point endothelial sprouts. Bottom, Three-dimensional reconstruction of confocal image using Volocity software shows the smooth muscle cell layer morphology of arterioles. Scale bar: 50 μm.