Table 1.
Summary of the automotive spray painters exposure to HDI and their urine HDA and creatinine levels
| N | Number of detects | GM | GSD | Range | |
| HDI dermal (ng m−2) | 276 | 101 | 38.3 | 7.95 | <LOD–121 000 |
| HDI BZC (ng) | 272 | 250 | 29.4 | 6.39 | <LOD–1480 |
| HDI BZC–APF (ng) | 272 | 250 | 0.25 | 12.4 | <LOD–148 |
| HDA (μg l−1) | 417 | 259 | 0.10 | 6.68 | <MDL–65.9 |
| HDA first of day (μg l−1) | 120 | 67 | 0.08 | 6.71 | <MDL–7.75 |
| HDA first of Monday (μg l−1) | 19 | 7 | 0.04 | 5.07 | <MDL–0.51 |
| Creatinine (g l−1) | 417 | 417 | 1.26 | 2.01 | 0.09–8.32 |
N = number of measurements; GM = geometric mean; GSD = geometric standard deviation; LOD = 1.68 ng per tape-strip or air filter. BZC refers to the mass of HDI collected on the air filter during the exposure period; MDL = 0.04 μg l−1 for urine HDA.