Table 2.
Mean Blood Pressure (mm Hg) and Standard Deviation (SD) for the Total Sample, According to Independent Variables.
| Systolic blood pressure - Mean (SD) | Diastolic blood pressure - Mean (SD) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | p-value | Females | p-value | Males | p-value | Females | p-value | |
| (n = 2154) | (n = 2280) | (n = 2154) | (n = 2280) | |||||
| Adolescent's skin color | 0.53* | < 0.004* | 0.59* | < 0.001† | ||||
| White | 101.9 (12.1) | 100.8 (12.3) | 63.4 (9.8) | 62.5 (9.5) | ||||
| Mulatto/Brown | 102.5 (12.7) | 102.7 (12.9) | 64.0 (9.4) | 64.5 (10.3) | ||||
| Black | 102.7 (11.6) | 103.3 (12.9) | 64.1 (10.5) | 4.6 (10.7) | ||||
| Family income (m.w.)§ (1993) | 0.34‡ | 0.79‡ | 0.97‡ | 0.74‡ | ||||
| ≥ 6.1 | 102.9 (11.6) | 100.8 (12.5) | 63.7 (10.0) | 63.0 (9.6) | ||||
| 3.1 - 6 | 102.4 (12.4) | 102.4 (12.1) | 63.6 (9.7) | 63.5 (10.0) | ||||
| 1.1 - 3 | 101.7 (12.3) | 101.1 (12.4) | 63.4 (9.9) | 62.9 (9.7) | ||||
| ≤ 1 | 102.5 (12.0) | 101.9 (12.8) | 63.9 (9.6) | 63.2 (10.5) | ||||
| Maternal smoking (pregnancy) | 0.79* | 0.76* | 0.64* | 0.89* | ||||
| No | 102.2 (12.1) | 101.6 (12.3) | 63.6 (9.7) | 63.1 (9.9) | ||||
| Yes | 102.1 (12.2) | 101.4 (12.7) | 63.4 (10.0) | 63.1 (9.8) | ||||
| Maternal alcohol intake (pregnancy) | 0.75* | < 0.001* | 0.39* | 0.01* | ||||
| No | 102.2 (12.1) | 101.8 (12.4) | 63.5 (9.8) | 63.3 (9.8) | ||||
| Yes | 102.6 (12.8) | 97.5 (13.2) | 64.4 (9.3) | 60.8 (10.6) | ||||
| Gestational arterial hypertension | 0.005* | 0.51* | 0.15* | 0.79* | ||||
| No | 101.9 (12.0) | 101.4 (12.4) | 63.5 (9.8) | 63.1 (9.9) | ||||
| Yes | 103.9 (12.9) | 101.9 (13.1) | 64.3 (10.3) | 63.2 (9.9) | ||||
| Maternal prepregnancy weight (kg) | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | ||||
| 1st quartile (lowest) | 100.7 (12.0) | 99.3 (12.0) | 62.3 (9.5) | 61.8 (9.7) | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 101.9 (12.1) | 101.1 (12.4) | 63.5 (9.4) | 62.5 (9.8) | ||||
| 3rd quartile | 102.3 (12.3) | 102.0 (12.4) | 63.6 (10.1) | 63.2 (10.0) | ||||
| 4th quartile (highest) | 103.8 (12.0) | 103.7 (12.7) | 64.7 (9.9) | 65.2 (9.8) | ||||
| Maternal weight (end of pregnancy) (kg) | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | ||||
| 1st quartile (lowest) | 100.8 (12.2) | 100.1 (12.4) | 62.4 (9.4) | 61.9 (9.9) | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 101.9 (11.9) | 100.4 (11.9) | 63.0 (9.6) | 62.3 (9.5) | ||||
| 3rd quartile | 102.3 (11.6) | 102.6 (12.1) | 64.2 (9.7) | 63.6 (9.6) | ||||
| 4th quartile (highest) | 103.7 (12.4) | 103.4 (12.9) | 64.5 (9.9) | 64.8 (10.0) | ||||
| Maternal height (end of pregnancy) (cm) | 0.02‡ | 0.02‡ | 0.58‡ | 0.005‡ | ||||
| 1st quartile (lowest) | 101.4 (12.3) | 100.8 (12.6) | 63.4 (9.6) | 62.3 (10.1) | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 102.2 (12.4) | 101.1 (11.9) | 63.7 (9.9) | 62.9 (9.5) | ||||
| 3rd quartile | 102.6 (11.8) | 102.3 (12.5) | 63.7 (9.8) | 63.6 (9.6) | ||||
| 4th quartile (highest) | 103.1 (12.0) | 102.3 (12.9) | 63.7 (9.9) | 63.9 (10.3) | ||||
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ | ||||
| 1st quartile (lowest) | 100.9 (11.5) | 99.6 (11.8) | 62.4 (9.3) | 61.7 (9.2) | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 101.7 (12.1) | 100.8 (12.4) | 63.2 (9.9) | 62.6 (10.1) | ||||
| 3rd quartile | 102.9 (12.8) | 101.9 (12.2) | 64.1 (9.7) | 63.4 (9.7) | ||||
| 4th quartile (highest) | 103.3 (12.1) | 103.7 (12.9) | 64.7 (10.0) | 64.8 (10.2) | ||||
1993 Cohort, 2005-05 Follow-up (Pelotas, Southern Brazil)
* p-value from One-way ANOVA for homogeneity variances.
† p-value from Kruskall-Wallis test for heterogeneity variables.
‡ p-value from ANOVA for linear trend.
§ m.w. - Brazilian minimum wages in 1993.