Figure 1.

Schematic representation of the phylogeny of: (A) fungus-growing termites, showing monophyly of the Malagasy clade and (B) Termitomyces, where symbionts associated with Malagasy Microtermes are shown to belong to three different clades (reviewed in ref. 11); samples from Madagascar are represented by shaded boxes. addition, the gathering of Termitomyces spores by fungus-growing termites seems to be a selective process, as suggested by the observed patterns of co-evolution.2,16,22 It remains to be tested how this selectivity occurs.