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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Immunol Rev. 2010 Jul;236:219–242. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00923.x

Fig. 5. Functions of the PD-1 pathway on Tregs.

Fig. 5

(i) PD-L1-expressing DCs may induce the conversion of naive T cells to Foxp3+ iTregs. Upon interaction with a PD-L-bearing DC, Tregs may condition the DC towards tolerogenicity. (ii) PD-L1-expressing Tregs may sustain Foxp3 Treg expression and effector function in other Tregs. (iii) Tregs can also directly suppress autoreactive T effectors (limit IL-2 production, prevent cell cycle progression, negatively influence stable DC: Teff interactions, etc.) or (iv) promote the contra-conversion of T effectors to iTregs.