Brain edema (water content) increased at 1 day after thrombin (Throm) injections (20U, i.c.v.), and decreased by 7 and 14 days. The thrombin inhibitor hirudin (Hir, 20U, i.c.v.) blocked elevation thrombin-induced brain water content at 1 day after co-injection into the cerebral ventricle. Administration of PP2 (src family kinase inhibitor) at day 0 blocked the increase in brain water content observed at 1 day after thrombin injection, whereas delayed PP2 administration (days 2-6) prevented the resolution of brain water content at 7 days post-thrombin injection. Each column and vertical bar represents the mean ± standard error of the mean. ** p<0.01 vs. Cont; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 vs. Throm/1day, ‡ p<0.05 vs. Throm/7days (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test).