Fig. 4.

Far-UV CD spectra of the VDAC1 protein obtained by the ‘mode B’ reaction where VDAC1 was expressed in the presence of Brij 35 and subsequently exchanged to a secondary detergent. Several detergents can be used while maintaining the high beta-sheet content, such as β-NG, β-DM, LDAO, C₈E₄, Cymal 6, and β-DDM. In contrast, some detergents such as β-DG can denature the protein after the exchange step. CD spectra with β-OG, Foscholines, CHAPS and Triton X-100 are similar to that of β-DG and are omitted in the graph for clarity.