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. 2010 Jul 14;217(3):196–202. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01271.x

Table 2.

Mean ± SE for the angles (°) of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) and transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle fibers measured relative to the axis cutting through the transverse plane of the abdomen.

Regionalization 1 Regionalization 2 (for comparison to human)


Muscle 1 2 3 Upper Middle Lower
EO 49 ± 2 71 ± 1 64 ± 2 49 ± 2 71 ± 1 71 ± 1
IO −40 ± 3 −46 ± 2 −15 ± 2 −46 ± 2 −46 ± 2 −15 ± 2
TrA 5 ± 2 14 ± 1 28 ± 1 5 ± 2 14 ± 1 28 ± 1

Regionalization 1 divides the muscles into three regions corresponding to Fig. 1. Regionalization 2 divides the same muscles into three regions chosen to facilitate comparison to human, corresponding to the data provided in Table 2 of Urquhart et al. (2005) (see text for details). Positive angles indicate an infero-medial fiber direction; negative angles indicate an infero-lateral fiber direction.