Table 3.
Mean genetic estimates of HCV quasispecies in the HVR-1 and NS3 regions. The number clones sequenced for each HCV region is indicated before the estimates. dN/dS ratios suggestive of positive immune pressure are bolded. (1) All HIV(+) vs. HIV(−); Mann-Whitney U test. (2) Comparison between HIV(+) CD4<200, HIV(+)>200, and HIV(−); Kruskal-Wallis test.
| Patient Group |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV(+) |
|||||||
| Sample | CD4<200 (cells/mm3) | CD4>200 (cells/mm3) | All HIV(+) | HIV(−) | P value | ||
| HVR-1 | (1) | (2) | |||||
| No. clones | T0 | 5.67 0.88 | 5.67 1.45 | 5.67 0.76 | 9.00 5.00 | 1.000 | 0.989 |
| T1 | 5.33 0.67 | 8.00 3.51 | 6.67 1.71 | 9.67 4.18 | 0.381 | 0.431 | |
| Sn | T0 | 0.5830 | 0.6220 | 0.6026 | 0.8330 | 0.548 | 0.304 |
| T1 | 0.1680 | 0.4461 | 0.3067 | 0.8230 | 0.95 | 0.126 | |
| ΔSn (btw.) | −0.4160 | −0.1760 | −0.2959 | −0.0090 | 0.714 | 0.733 | |
| d (nt) | T0 | 0.1225 | 0.0263 | 0.0744 | 0.0067 | 0.167 | 0.288 |
| T1 | 0.1332 | 0.0493 | 0.0912 | 0.0812 | 0.548 | 0.739 | |
| Between | 0.0180 | 0.0130 | 0.0152 | 0.1482 | 0.381 | 0.491 | |
| d (aa) | T0 | 0.2019 | 0.0676 | 0.1347 | 0.0068 | 0.381 | 0.651 |
| T1 | 0.2646 | 0.0881 | 0.1764 | 0.1972 | 0.262 | 0.413 | |
| Between | 0.2461 | 0.0365 | 0.1407 | 0.3024 | 0.714 | 0.587 | |
| dN/dS | T0 | 0.5702 | 1.4373 | 0.9170 | 1.2584 | 0.857 | 0.915 |
| T1 | 0.8493 | 0.7904 | 0.8297 | 1.9837 | 0.200 | 0.304 | |
| Between | −5.6136 | 3.1432 | −1.2350 | 2.3371 | 1.00 | 0.213 | |
| NS3 | |||||||
| No. clones | T0 | 10.67 0.33 | 11.00 0.58 | 10.83 0.31 | 10.00 0.58 | 0.216 | 0.99 |
| T1 | 11.67 0.88 | 10.67 0.33 | 11.17 0.48 | 16.00 3.46 | 0.291 | 0.476 | |
| Sn | T0 | 0.5200 | 0.8420 | 0.6812 | 0.6000 | 0.905 | 0.179 |
| T1 | 0.5760 | 0.5590 | 0.5675 | 0.6400 | 0.548 | 0.714 | |
| ΔSn (btw.) | 0.0560 | −0.2830 | −0.1138 | 0.0410 | 0.348 | 0.061 | |
| d-nt | T0 | 0.0044 | 0.0147 | 0.0096 | 0.0133 | 0.381 | 0.193 |
| T1 | 0.0051 | 0.0147 | 0.0096 | 0.0091 | 0.262 | 0.066 | |
| Between | 0.0034 | 0.0063 | 0.0048 | 0.0040 | 0.714 | 0.488 | |
| d-aa | T0 | 0.0041 | 0.0107 | 0.0074 | 0.0097 | 0.381 | 0.193 |
| T1 | 0.0057 | 0.0114 | 0.0086 | 0.0089 | 0.905 | 0.252 | |
| Between | 0 | 0.00065 | 0.0032 | 0.0021 | 0.714 | 0.039 | |
| dN/dS | T0 | 0.2949 | 0.1972 | 0.2461 | 0.1623 | 0.905 | 0.957 |
| T1 | 0.2832 | 0.4144 | 0.3488 | 0.2254 | 0.381 | 0.561 | |
| Between | 0.0911 | 0.3401 | 0.2156 | 0.3855 | 0.548 | 0.298 | |
NOTE: Change in HCV sequence complexity (ΔSn) was calculated as ΔSn = Sn(T1)−Sn(T0). Genetic distances and substitution frequencies were determined both in every given sample (within-sample) and between samples of the same patient at the two different time points (net distance between samples, defined as the net change in intrasubject distances between baseline and follow-up groups of HCV clones dA=(dXY−(dX−dY)/2), were dXY is the average distance between groups of clones from baseline (X) and follow-up samples (Y), and dX and dY are the mean within-group distances).