Table 1. miRNAs altered temporally after preconditioning.

miRNA	6h	24h	72h	# of targets
Up-regulated
mir-374	9.48	3.51	2.76	260
mir-98	6.98	2.95	2.91	280
mir-340 -5p	6.01	2.00	1.67	419
mir-21	5.79	13.03	5.71	195
let-7a	4.01	1.83	NC	367
mir-352	3.77	1.65	2.58	133
mir-379*	3.47	1.84	1.70	--
mir-335	3.35	1.79	1.61	332
mir-181b	2.63	1.51	1.62	396
mir-26b	2.18	1.53	1.76	231
mir-181d	2.06	2.22	NC	420
mir-15b	1.56	2.18	4.07	513
mir-146a	1.96	1.57	2.70	287
Down-regulated
mir-466c	20.05	27.18	20.38	209
mir-292 -5p	12.37	7.11	7.24	235
mir-328	7.41	1.58	1.87	271
mir-873	7.21	8.94	9.64	328
mir-494	5.31	2.63	4.40	340
let-7d*	4.77	1.65	4.42	--
mir-345 -5p	4.41	2.04	2.01	138
mir-92b	4.06	2.13	NC	187
mir-30c-2*	3.83	2.02	3.01	--
mir-322*	1.84	2.15	2.52	--

The values are mean fold increases or decreases in the PC groups over sham group obtained from 36 cross-comparisons (n = 6 for each group) in each case. The SD was <15% in all cases. Only the fold changes that are statistically significantly different from sham (by ANOVA) were given. NC, no change compared to sham. The # of targets for each miRNA was predicted using the web tool microRNA.org. The miRNAs are transcribed as long pri-miRNAs (primirs) with several stem loop structures. The RNAse Drosha cuts a primir to release the ~70 nt stem loop structures called pre-miRNAs (premirs). Another RNAse Dicer releases a mature miRNA (~22 nt long) from a premir. In some cases, a second miRNA can be formed from the other arm of a premir. The two miRNAs formed from the same premir are usually given the same number, but the minor one will be denoted with a star. The limitation of the et prediction algorithms like microRNA.org is that they can not predict the targets of miRNAs with stars.

^*Hence, the miRNAs with a were not used in the pathways analysis.