Table 8.

Organ dose for different procedures (in order of sensitivity)

	Organ dose (mGy) for different procedures
Organs in order of sensitivity	3-D navigated spinal fusion	Conventional fluoroscopy- based spinal fusion	3-D navigated SI screw	Conventional SI screw
Gonads
Ovaries	0.03	0.97	0.45	4.59
Testes	0.04	0.83	0.16	0.79
Bone marrow (red)	0.61	22.48	2.31	14.39
Sigmoid/rectum	0.05	2.22	1.23	3.24
Lung	0.03	0.17	0.04	0.14
Stomach	1.55	8.28	0.08	0.23
Bladder	0.07	3.47	0.32	1.88
Liver	1.18	3.30	0.07	0.33
Oesophagus	0.02	0.09	0.04	0.08
Thyroid gland	0.00	0.09	0.01	0.02
Bone surface	0.46	1.68	0.16	0.79
Remaining total	1.02	10.47	0.38	1.14
Adrenals	1.15	4.68	0.10	0.40
Brain	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.03
Small intestine	1.43	31.14	0.28	0.92
Kidneys	1.79	13.26	2.35	0.74
Pancreas	1.09	4.79	0.09	0.30
Spleen	2.59	16.96	0.16	0.43
Thymus	0.00	0.06	0.02	0.06
Colon (ascending, descending, transverse)	1.16	22.32	2.07	2.82

SI = sacroiliac.