Table 1.
Summary of MUC4 expression in cutaneous pathogenesis
| Pathology | Number | Age, mean±SE (years) |
Age range (years) |
MUC4 intensity, mean±SE |
Range | Number with MUC4 intensity ≥2, n (%) |
p-Value (vs normal skin) |
Correlation of MUC4 expression with age |
Correlation of MUC4 expression with gender |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal skin | 32 | 35±2.7 | 1–75 | 0.7±0.1 | 0–1.5 | 0 (10) | 0.214 (p=0.18) | ||
| Cancer adjacent skin | 20 | 50±4.2 | 16–75 | 0.6±0.2 | 0–2 | 2 (10) | 0.21 | 0.03 (p=0.86) | |
| Benign diseases | |||||||||
| Hyperplasia (vulval skin) | 12 | 36±5 | 10–59 | 1.25±0.3 | 0–3 | 4 (12) | 0.08 | −0.22 (p=0.25) | NA |
| Cutaneous cyst | 2 | 57±0 | 57 | 0.5±0.5 | 0–1 | 0 (0) | 0.43 | – | |
| Chronic inflammation | 19 | 55±2 | 39–69 | 0.7±0.3 | 0–2.5 | 3 (16) | 0.15 | −0.31 (p=0.67) | 0.13 (p=58) |
| Papilloma | 10 | 62±3.8 | 40–73 | 0.5±0.2 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0.08 | NA | |
| HPV-associated diseases | |||||||||
| Condyloma acuminatum | 19 | 35±3 | 23–66 | 1.9±0.2 | 0–3 | 10 (53) | 0.0004 | 0.16 (p=0.38) | NA |
| Verruca vulgaris | 2 | 10 | – | 2±0 | – | 2 (100%) | <0.0001 | NA | |
| Malignant neoplasms | |||||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 115 | 65±1.5 | 25–91 | ||||||
| Grade 1 | 62 | 64±2 | 32–86 | 1.2±0.2 | 0–3 | 4 (6) | 0.058 | 0.23 (p=0.10) | −0.13 (p=0.33) |
| Grade 2 | 42 | 66±2 | 25–91 | 1.0±0.2 | 0–3 | 2 (12) | 0.03 | 0.17 (p=0.76) | 0.03 (p=0.82) |
| Grade 3 | 11 | 62.5±5 | 45–84 | 0.6±0.4 | 0–2.5 | 1 (9) | 0.56 | 0.89 (p=0.03) | −0.66 (p=0.003) |
| Basal cell carcinoma | 30 | 65±1.8 | 48–82 | 0.3±0.1 | 0–1.5 | 0 (0) | 0.82 | NA | |
| Malignant melanoma | 69 | 54–1.7 | 16–88 | 0.5±0.1 | 0–1.5 | 0 (0) | 0.0006 | NA | |
HPV, human papillomavirus; NA, not applicable.