Table 2.
Odds ratios (from a multinomial logistic regression) associated with intentions to use hormonal methods, the IUD, sterilization and traditional methods among women
| Intend using hormonal methods in next 12 months (n = 1788) (1) |
Intend using the IUD in next 12 months (n = 1788) (2) |
Intend using female sterilization in next 12 months (n = 1788) (3) |
Intend using traditional methods in next 12 months (n = 1788) (4) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beliefs and perceptions | ||||
| My in-laws support FP | 2.12*** (1.68-2.68) | 2.18*** (1.60-2.98) | 2.19*** (1.78-2.70) | 1.98*** (1.63-2.40) |
| Child-spacing protects mother's health, caring spouses use FP | 2.05*** (1.59-2.64) | 1.51** (1.11-2.06) | 1.41** (1.14-1.75) | 1.84*** (1.48-2.30) |
| I have access to choice of methods, and facilities with competent providers | 1.82*** (1.48-2.25) | 1.48** (1.13-1.95) | 1.57*** (1.31-1.89) | 1.63*** (1.37-1.94) |
| Providers can be trusted to maintain confidentiality, to advise on method use and side-effects | 1.15 (0.94-1.40) | 0.93 (0.73-1.19) | 1.10 (0.93-1.31) | 0.77** (0.65-0.90) |
| I am not able to discuss FP with spouse or convince spouse to use FP | 0.83 (0.68-1.00) | 0.95 (0.76-1.20) | 0.73*** (0.62-0.86) | 0.66*** (0.55-0.78) |
| Husband decides if wife can use family planning, God decides # of children | 0.81* (0.66-0.99) | 0.62*** (0.48-0.80) | 0.64*** (0.54-0.77) | 0.67*** (0.56-0.80) |
| Family planning can harm a woman's womb, modern method can be very dangerous | 0.89 (0.73-1.08) | 0.75* (0.59-0.96) | 0.70*** (0.59-0.83) | 0.93 (0.78-1.10) |
| Province (ref: Sindh) | ||||
| Punjab | 0.99 (0.59-1.68) | 1.55 (0.83-2.93) | 1.54 (0.96-2.46) | 2.92*** (1.76-4.85) |
| Frontier | 2.13* (1.10-4.12) | 0.88 (0.31-2.48) | 0.56 (0.25-1.24) | 3.56*** (1.83-6.92) |
| Baluchistan | 3.62** (1.61-8.13) | 0.42 (0.05-3.56) | 0.88 (0.30-2.60) | 1.59 (0.52-4.87) |
| Urban (ref: rural) | 0.74 (0.46-1.19) | 1.67 (0.96-2.93) | 1.00 (0.66-1.51) | 1.24 (0.85-1.81) |
| Age (ref: 35 plus) | ||||
| 15-19 | 13.98*** (6.03-32.39) | 4.78* (1.11-20.54) | 0.79 (0.13-4.95) | 1.69 (0.67-4.26) |
| 20-24 | 8.39*** (4.23-16.62) | 9.11*** (3.70-22.39) | 1.01 (0.45-2.25) | 2.74** (1.51-4.94) |
| 25-29 | 5.55*** (3.01-10.26) | 5.71*** (2.55-12.82) | 1.78* (1.09-2.92) | 2.65*** (1.60-4.40) |
| 30-34 | 2.52** (1.36-4.66) | 3.82*** (1.80-8.11) | 0.94 (0.60-1.48) | 2.34*** (1.48-3.69) |
| Number of living children (ref: 0-3) | ||||
| 4-5 | 1.53 (0.92-2.53) | 2.69** (1.39-5.21) | 2.32** (1.44-3.74) | 1.82** (1.18-2.81) |
| 6 or more | 2.09* (1.12-3.89) | 4.81*** (2.06-11.22) | 2.31** (1.36-3.91) | 2.10** (1.23-3.58) |
| Fertility desires (ref: want more/undecided) | ||||
| Do not want more children | 3.36*** (2.04-5.52) | 1.49 (0.78-2.84) | 27.93*** (9.12-85.54) | 1.58* (1.02-2.45) |
| Education (ref: none) | ||||
| Primary | 0.83 (0.37-1.86) | 0.83 (0.27-2.60) | 0.86 (0.44-1.68) | 1.30 (0.70-2.39) |
| Middle | 1.11 (0.65-1.90) | 1.73 (0.87-3.44) | 0.77 (0.46-1.30) | 1.51 (0.97-2.37) |
| Secondary | 1.00 (0.51-1.96) | 3.02** (1.46-6.25) | 0.78 (0.41-1.48) | 1.12 (0.63-1.99) |
| Matriculate and higher | 1.45 (0.60-3.50) | 3.00* (1.13-7.94) | 0.73 (0.29-1.83) | 2.15* 1.10-4.20) |
| Pseudo R2 | 43.5% | |||
*p < 0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001