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. 2010 Sep;100(9):1724–1729. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.181289

TABLE 3.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of US- and Foreign-Born Persons With Tuberculosis: United States, 1994–2007

Children and Adolescents
Adults
US Borna, No. (%) Foreign Bornb, No. (%) US Bornc, No. (%) Foreign Bornd, No. (%)
Male 6 435 (50) 2 947 (51) 81 189 (67) 62 182 (60)
Median age, y 3 11 50 41
Race/ethnicity
    Hispanice 4 952 (39) 2 664 (46) 14 355 (12) 38 435 (37)
    Non-Hispanic White 1 491 (12) 377 (6) 45 600 (37) 6 499 (6)
    Non-Hispanic Black or African American 4 865 (38) 1 211 (21) 56 195 (46) 12 324 (12)
    Non-Hispanic American Indian or Native Alaskan 300 (2) 3 (< 1) 2 751 (2) 67 (< 1)
    Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander 1 049 (8) 1 494 (26) 2 321 (2) 46 005 (44)
Site of disease
    Pulmonary only 9 074 (71) 4 178 (72) 93 457 (77) 72 621 (70)
    Extrapulmonary only 2 746 (21) 1 337 (23) 18 881 (16) 23 251 (22)
    Both 1 028 (8) 291 (5) 9 413 (8) 8 150 (8)
Sputum culture positivef 1 526 (42) 1 397 (45) 75 960 (79) 60 706 (73)
Other culture positiveg 2 609 (52) 859 (48) 39 217 (82) 33 519 (81)
Drug susceptibility testing doneh 3 666 (94) 2 049 (97) 97 922 (95) 82 995 (97)
Drug resistancei
    None 3 115 (85) 1 633 (80) 88 665 (91) 68 164 (82)
    INH resistant 226 (6) 242 (12) 4 948 (5) 9 294 (11)
    MDRj 54 (1) 48 (2) 1 023 (1) 1 503 (2)
    XDRk 1 (2) 1 (2) 16 (2) 23 (2)
HIV statusl
    No result 9 730 (76) 4 037 (70) 55 728 (46) 59 939 (58)
    Positive 121 (4) 41 (2) 16 737 (25) 5 503 (12)
    Negative 2 989 (95) 1 722 (97) 49 198 (74) 38 537 (87)
    Indeterminate 13 (< 1) 6 (< 1) 135 (< 1) 66 (< 1)
Alive at diagnosis 12 814 (99.7) 5 790 (99.7) 116 357 (96) 102 427 (98)
Outcomem
    Completed treatment 11 640 (91) 5 179 (89) 88 589 (76) 81 281 (79)
    Died 69 (1) 25 (< 1) 14 789 (13) 5 017 (5)
    Othern 1 105 (9) 514 (9) 12 979 (11) 16 129 (16)

Note. INH =isoniazid ; MDR = multidrug resistant; TB = tuberculosis; XDR = extensively drug resistant.

a

n = 12 853, or 69%.

b

n = 5806, or 31%.

c

n = 121 798, or 54%.

d

n = 104 045, or 46%.

e

May be of any race or multiple races.

f

For persons in each group who had sputum culture result: US-born children and adolescents, n = 3644; foreign-born children and adolescents, n = 3128; US-born adults, n = 95 925; foreign-born adults, n = 82 869.

g

For persons in each group who had other culture result (gastric aspirates and tissues or fluids other than sputum): US-born children and adolescents, n = 5010; foreign-born children and adolescents, n = 1795; US-born adults, n = 47 692; foreign-born adults, n = 41 217.

h

For persons with a positive culture.

i

For persons who were tested for drug susceptibility because of initial susceptibility test results.

j

Resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin.

k

Resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin among first-line anti-TB drugs, resistant to any fluoroquinolone (e.g., ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin), and resistant to at least 1 second-line injectable drug (e.g., amikacin, capreomycin, or kanamycin). Percentage XDR uses MDR TB as denominator.

l

Positive, negative, and indeterminate figures are for persons who had a known HIV test result; all California data were reported as no result.

m

For persons alive at diagnosis: US-born and adolescents, n = 12 814, foreign-born and adolescents, n = 5790; US born adults, n = 116 357; foreign-born adults, n = 102 427.

n

Moved, lost to follow-up, uncooperative or refused, other, unknown, or missing.