Table 2.

Error rates for recognition of word-initial and word-final stops and fricatives by three listener groups.

	Word-initial			Word-final
	Yng Norm	Older Norm	Older Hrg Imp	Yng Norm	Older Norm	Older Hrg Imp
∕b,d,g,p,t,k∕
No accent	1	1	3	1	2	7
Moderate accent	4	7	18	25	27	38
∕v,f,z,s∕
No accent	1	3	11	4	2	12
Moderate accent	25	26	37	30	30	41
∕t′,θ∕
No accent	2	2	17	1	7	25
Moderate accent	12	15	42	5	4	23
∕ʃ,tʃ∕
No accent	0	3	7	0	1	6
Moderate accent	49	53	54	2	2	2

Note that t^′ is a separate entry of ∕t∕; it was included as a test item that contrasted minimally with ∕θ∕.