TABLE 3. Unadjusted Univariate Contrasts of Lifetime Users of Nitrous Oxide and Volatile Solvents, Users of Nitrous Oxide Only, Users of Volatile Solvents Only, and Users of Neither Nitrous Oxide nor Volatile Solvents Across Mental Health, Health, Attitudinal, Criminological and Substance Use Measures.
| Variables | A. Lifetime NO +VS Users N = 103 | B. Lifetime NO-Only Users N = 11 | C. Lifetime VS-Only Users N = 164 | D. NO/VS Nonusers N = 445 | Test Statistic | Partial eta Squared† | Post-hoc Contrasts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brief Symptom Inventory M (S.D.) | |||||||
| Global Severity Index | 63.3 (41.5) | 36.2 (23.3) | 49.2 (33.8) | 37.5 (31.7) | F (3,719) = 18.4*** | .07 | AC, AD, CD |
| Depression | 7.3 (6.3) | 4.0 (3.1) | 5.5 (4.9) | 3.9 (4.4) | F (3,719) = 12.34*** | .06 | AC, AD, CD |
| Anxiety | 7.2 (6.0) | 2.4 (1.6) | 5.0 (4.4) | 3.5 (4.1) | F (3,719) = 18.7*** | .09 | AB, AC, AD, CD |
| Obsessive-Compulsive | 10.4 (6.3) | 5.9 (3.8) | 7.4 (5.1) | 5.8 (4.7) | F (3,719) = 21.2*** | .10 | AB, AC, AD, CD |
| Psychoticism | 6.1 (4.8) | 3.7 (4.4) | 3.7 (3.6) | 3.0 (3.2) | F (3,719) = 17.2*** | .09 | AC, AD, CD |
| Antisocial Process Screening Device Total M(S.D.) | 17.5 (4.7) | 16.5 (4.0) | 17.9 (5.7) | 16.1 (5.5) | F (3,718) = 4.3** | .02 | CD |
| SRD (Total Delinquency) M(S.D.) | 31.0 (19.5) | 16.8 (6.1) | 27.3 (18.9) | 25.3 (17.8) | F (3,719) = 3.5* | .02 | AD |
| Psychopathic Personality Inventory M(S.D.) | |||||||
| Total | 145.4 (14.6) | 143.2 (16.4) | 139.7 (15.3) | 134.3 (12.7) | F (3,719) = 17.5*** | .086 | AC, AD, CD |
| Fearlessness | 20.2 (4.8) | 18.5 (3.1) | 18.5 (4.7) | 15.9 (5.0) | F (3,719) = 24.3*** | .115 | AC, AD, CD |
| Impulsive Nonconformity | 17.1 (4.3) | 15.1 (5.3) | 15.6 (4.7) | 14.1 (3.6) | F (3,719) = 13.8*** | .069 | AC, AD, CD |
| Massachusetts Youth Screening Inventory M (S.D.) | |||||||
| Traumatic Experiences | 3.5 (1.5) | 3.3 (1.8) | 3.1 (1.6) | 2.8 (1.6) | F (3,718) = 4.1** | .021 | AD |
| MAYSI-Suicidal Ideation | 3.5 (2.5) | 1.5 (2.4) | 3.4 (2.4) | 1.5 (2.1) | F (3,718) = 33.4*** | .152 | AB, AD, CD |
| Substance Use and Related Problems | |||||||
| MAYSI-Alcohol/Drug Problems Scale M (S.D.) | 5.9 (1.2) | 4.6 (2.1) | 5.0 (1.9) | 4.3 (5.8) | F (3,702) = 3.4* | .018 | AD |
| Lifetime # of Drug Types Used M(S.D.) | 7.9 (2.4) | 6.1 (2.5) | 5.3 (2.3) | 3.6 (1.8) | F (3,717) = 112.3*** | .376 | AB, AC, AD, CD |
| Lifetime Alcohol Use N(%) | 99 (96.1%) | 11 (100.0%) | 155 (94.5%) | 348 (78.2%) | .233 | AD | |
| Age at Onset of Alcohol Use (Years) M(S.D.) | 10.7 (2.7) | 13.1 (1.6) | 11.3 (2.9) | 12.1 (2.5) | F (3,609) = 8.0*** | .041 | AB, AD, CD |
| Lifetime Marijuana Use N(%) | 99 (96.1%) | 11 (100.0%) | 156 (95.1%) | 360 (80.9%) | .212 | AD | |
| Age at Onset of Marijuana Use (Years) M(S.D.) | 10.4 (2.3) | 12.3 (2.2) | 11.3 (2.2) | 11.4 (2.1) | F (3,621) = 5.9*** | .030 | AB, AC, AD |
*
p <.05
**
p <.01
***
p ≤.001
†
Cramer's V reported as an effect size estimate for dichotomous bivariate comparison