TABLE 2.
Characteristics of subjects with cystic fibrosis and pancreatic insufficiency by vitamin K status presented as plasma PIVKA-II (proteins induced by vitamin K absence–factor II)1
| PIVKA-II group |
|||
| All (n = 60) | Sufficient: ≤2.0 μg/L (n = 30) | Deficient: >2.0 μg/L (n = 30) | |
| Age (y) | 15.4 ± 4.32 | 15.3 ± 4.0 | 15.5 ± 4.6 |
| Female sex (%) | 43 | 47 | 40 |
| DF508 homozygous (%) | 53 | 53 | 53 |
| Height z score | −0.3 ± 0.9 | −0.3 ± 1.0 | −0.3 ± 0.9 |
| Weight z score | −0.4 ± 0.9 | −0.7 ± 0.9 | −0.2 ± 0.8a |
| BMI z score | −0.4 ± 0.8 | −0.6 ± 0.8 | −0.1 ± 0.8a |
| LBM (kg) | 39.8 ± 13.0 | 38.0 ± 11.9 | 41.6 ± 14.1 |
| FM (kg) | 9.8 ± 5.7 | 9.1 ± 3.8 | 10.4 ± 7.1 |
| Fat (%) | 19.3 ± 6.4 | 19.4 ± 5.7 | 19.3 ± 7.1 |
| FEV1 (% of predicted) | 80 ± 19 | 75 ± 18 | 86 ± 18a |
| Vitamin K status | |||
| n | 60 | 30 | 30 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21 (3, 85)3 | 21 (4, 37) | 22 (3, 85) |
| ucOC (%) | 33 (4, 66) | 21 (4, 61) | 46 (12, 66) |
| <20% | 30 | 50 | 10 |
| 20–50% | 50 | 43 | 57 |
| >50% | 20 | 7 | 33a |
| PIVKA-II (μg/L) | 2 (0, 42) | 2 (0, 2) | 5 (2, 42) |
| Supplement intake4 | |||
| n | 60 | 30 | 30 |
| Vitamin K (μg/d) | 300 (0, 10,000) | 864 (0, 10,000) | 163 (0, 5300) |
| Dietary intake | |||
| n | 45 | 21 | 24 |
| Energy (kcal) | 2913 (1531, 5293) | 2965 (1531, 5098) | 2863 (1618, 5293) |
| EER, active (%) | 112 (65, 202) | 124 (65, 202) | 108 (73, 178) |
| Fat (% of energy) | 33 (23, 44) | 33 (23, 42) | 32 (23, 44) |
| Vitamin K (μg/d) | 67 (22, 780) | 74 (27, 780) | 61 (22, 410) |
| Vitamin K (% of AI) | 98 (26, 866) | 105 (37, 866) | 78 (26, 524) |
| Serum chemistry | |||
| n | 60 | 30 | 30 |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 22 (6, 35) | 23 (12, 35) | 20 (6, 34) |
1
LBM, lean body mass; FM, fat mass; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; ucOC, undercarboxylated osteocalcin; EER, estimated energy requirement; AI, Adequate Intake; 25(OH)D, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Significant differences were assessed by using a Student's t test or Wilcoxon's rank-sum test: aP < 0.05, deficient compared with sufficient.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).
3
Median; range in parentheses (all such values).
4
On the basis of reported vitamin K supplement intake.