Induction of cytolytic and noncytolytic pathway of CD8+ T cell differentiation by polarized DC1s and sDCs. Naive CD8+ T cells primed with either polarized or non-polarized DCs, using αDC1 (matured for 48 h in TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, poly-I:C, and IFN-α) and sDCs (matured for 48 h in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 [15]), as the respective representatives. A, Cytolytic function of day 5-primed CD8+ T cells was assessed by standard 51 Cr release assay using SEB-pulsed JY cells as targets (17). Inset, Data calculated as LUs. B and C, Intracellular expression of GrB and surface expression of CD45RO were determined by flow cytometry on day 5. B, Data from a representative donor. Gray lines indicate isotype controls. C, Summary of data from three different donors. Fold increase in MFI of GrB and CD45RO was calculated as in Fig. 1. Data are shown as mean and SEM of three independent experiments that all showed advantage of polarized αDC1s in the induction of GrB (p < 0.02). D, Neutralization of IL-12 abrogates the induction of GrB-positive CD8+ T cells by polarized αDC1s. Representative data from three experiments that all yielded similar results.