Table 1. Neural repetition effects from the first to the second and from the first to the fourth presentation of a stimulus.
Structure | BA | Z-score | k | X | Y | Z | 2nd | 4th |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Repetition suppression for familiar objects | ||||||||
R inferior frontal gyrus | 46, 47 | 4.61 | 40 | 36 | 13 | ✓ | ✓ | |
9, 45 | 4.40 | 53 | 13 | 20 | ✓ | ✓ | ||
L inferior frontal gyrus | 9, 46 | 3.72 | 358 | -42 | 7 | 31 | ✓ | |
R precentral gyrus | 6, 9 | 4.73 | 788 | 38 | 2 | 31 | ✓ | ✓ |
R medial frontal gyrus | 6, 8 | 4.69 | 1085 | 6 | 27 | 41 | ✓ | ✓ |
R middle frontal gyrus | 6 | 3.72 | 120 | 26 | 3 | 62 | ✓ | |
L middle frontal gyrus | 46 | 3.56 | 237 | -44 | 30 | 17 | ✓ | |
R superior frontal gyrus | 8, 9 | 3.41 | 136 | 2 | 32 | 48 | ✓ | |
R postcentral gyrus | 2, 40 | 4.51 | 537 | 52 | -23 | 49 | ✓ | ✓ |
R inferior parietal lobule | 40 | 4.00 | 48 | -46 | 59 | ✓ | ✓ | |
R superior parietal lobule | 7 | 4.32 | 1097 | 28 | -66 | 42 | ✓ | ✓ |
L superior parietal lobule | 7 | 3.53 | -30 | -55 | 56 | ✓ | ||
L precuneus | 7 | 3.90 | 140 | -22 | -68 | 40 | ✓ | ✓ |
R precuneus | 7 | 4.71 | 328 | 22 | -60 | 51 | ✓ | |
L fusiform gyrus | 20 | 4.17 | -34 | -42 | -15 | ✓ | ||
19, 37 | 4.10 | 971 | -38 | -57 | -11 | ✓ | ✓ | |
R fusiform gyrus | 19, 37 | 3.94 | 807 | 26 | -66 | -8 | ✓ | ✓ |
L inferior temporal gyrus | 37 | 4.35 | -42 | -64 | -5 | ✓ | ||
L parahippocampal gyrus | 19 | 4.17 | -24 | -55 | -6 | ✓ | ||
R lingual gyrus | 19 | 3.94 | 32 | -62 | -4 | ✓ | ✓ | |
L middle occipital gyrus | 19 | 4.96 | 753 | -24 | -87 | 8 | ✓ | |
R middle occipital gyrus | 18, 19 | 4.30 | 26 | -84 | -4 | ✓ | ✓ | |
L superior occipital gyrus | 19 | 4.54 | -32 | -78 | 24 | ✓ | ||
R cuneus | 18 | 3.59 | 6 | -89 | 10 | ✓ | ||
R cingulate gyrus | 24, 32 | 4.37 | 6 | 0 | 37 | ✓ | ✓ | |
L insula | 13 | 5.24 | 278 | -34 | 21 | 1 | ✓ | ✓ |
R insula/ inf. frontal gyrus | 13 | 5.15 | 737 | 40 | 22 | 6 | ✓ | ✓ |
R claustrum | 5.10 | 160 | 36 | -12 | -4 | ✓ | ✓ | |
R cerebellum | 5.14 | 84 | 18 | -59 | -12 | ✓ | ||
Repetition enhancement for familiar objects | 2nd | 4th | ||||||
N/A | ||||||||
Repetition suppression for unfamiliar objects | 2nd | 4th | ||||||
R inferior frontal gyrus | 45, 46 | 4.69 | 141 | 51 | 31 | 4 | ✓ | ✓ |
9 | 4.12 | 129 | 44 | 3 | 26 | ✓ | ||
L inferior frontal gyrus | 9, 45 | 4.21 | 206 | -40 | 5 | 24 | ✓ | |
L insula | 13 | 4.50 | 64 | -36 | 18 | 1 | ✓ | |
R superior parietal lobule | 7 | 3.98 | 58 | 28 | -52 | 40 | ✓ | ✓ |
L superior parietal lobule | 7 | 3.56 | 84 | -24 | -68 | 46 | ✓ | |
R precuneus | 19 | 3.81 | 120 | 30 | -68 | 31 | ✓ | |
L fusiform gyrus | 37 | 4.11 | 61 | -41 | -43 | -10 | ✓ | ✓ |
R fusiform/ inferior temporal gyrus | 19, 37 | 3.78 | 164 | 46 | -62 | -4 | ✓ | |
L middle occipital gyrus | 18, 19 | 3.68 | 90 | -34 | -87 | 4 | ✓ | |
Repetition enhancement for unfamiliar objects | 2nd | 4th | ||||||
L superior frontal gyrus | 8 | 3.80 | 145 | -20 | 20 | 47 | ✓ | |
R superior frontal gyrus | 10, 9, 8 | 3.83 | 52 | 12 | 65 | 17 | ✓ | |
R medial frontal gyrus | 10 | 3.83 | 102 | 12 | 57 | 12 | ✓ | |
L postcentral gyrus | 2 | 3.86 | 97 | -46 | -28 | 53 | ✓ | ✓ |
40 | 3.82 | 73 | -57 | -21 | 14 | ✓ | ||
L precuneus | 31, 7 | 3.35 | 639 | -14 | -65 | 24 | ||
R precuneus | 31 | 4.39 | 585 | 6 | -53 | 32 | ||
L inferior parietal lobule | 39, 40 | 3.53 | 24 | -30 | -37 | 50 | ✓ | |
R inferior parietal lobule | 40 | 4.55 | 248 | 51 | -51 | 36 | ||
L superior temporal gyrus | 39 | 3.70 | 45 | -44 | -49 | 23 | ✓ | |
L angular gyrus | 39 | 4.54 | 497 | -51 | -66 | 36 | ✓ | |
L traverse temporal gyrus | 41 | 3.34 | 60 | -48 | -25 | 12 | ✓ | ✓ |
L lingual gyrus | 18 | 3.70 | 26 | -20 | -78 | 0 | ✓ | |
L insula | 13 | 3.43 | 24 | -36 | -24 | 18 | ✓ | |
Object type by repetition interaction | 2nd | 4th | ||||||
R superior frontal gyrus | 9 | 3.40 | 75 | 8 | 50 | 27 | ✓ | |
R medial frontal gyrus | 10 | 4.05 | 130 | 10 | 58 | 14 | ✓ | |
L postcentral gyrus | 2, 4 | 3.80 | 83 | -48 | -34 | 54 | ✓ | ✓ |
L precuneus | 7 | 4.03 | 150 | -8 | -48 | 50 | ✓ | |
R inferior parietal lobule | 40 | 3.85 | 74 | 55 | -52 | 45 | ✓ | |
L inferior parietal lobule | 40 | 3.50 | 53 | -50 | -22 | 28 | ✓ | |
R fusiform gyrus | 19 | 3.43 | 24 | 26 | -64 | -4 | ✓ | |
R superior temporal gyrus | 22 | 4.15 | 23 | 44 | -48 | 12 | ✓ | ✓ |
L superior temporal gyrus | 41 | 3.94 | 42 | -38 | -30 | 14 | ✓ | ✓ |
L middle occipital gyrus | 18 | 3.77 | 50 | -26 | -93 | 12 | ✓ | |
L insula | 13 | 4.08 | 188 | -34 | -5 | 17 | ✓ | ✓ |
Note. Clusters that exceeded an extent threshold of 50 voxels at p < 0.001, uncorrected, are reported, except for the repetition enhancement effect for unfamiliar objects at presentation 2 where a cluster threshold of k=20 was used. The reported coordinates are cluster maxima. Cluster sizes (in number of voxels) are reported in the column labeled “k”, except for regions that were part of larger clusters. A checkmark (✓) in one of the last two columns indicates that the listed region demonstrated a repetition effect at presentation 2 (i.e., column labeled ‘2nd’) or presentation 4 (i.e., column labeled ‘4th’). If an area showed a repetition effect at both presentations 2 and 4, the reported coordinates, cluster sizes, and z-score are those associated with presentation 2.