. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Periodontol. 2009 Nov;80(11):1731–1741. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.090236

Table 2.

Table 2a. Change from Baseline in Serum Biomarkers, by Treatment Group, for Markers with High Frequency of Detection
	Treatment Group (N = 302)	Control Group (N = 318)	P value, unadjusted analysis	P value, adjusted analysis
CRP	−0.06 (0.39)^*^†	−0.08 (0.36)^†	0.60	0.65^§
PGE₂	0.08 (0.56)^†	0.06 (0.54)^†	0.71	0.34
MMP-9	−0.02 (0.26)	−0.02 (0.31)	0.97	0.93
Fibrinogen	0.30 (0.29)^†	0.27 (0.32)^†	0.35	0.35
Endotoxin	0.05 (1.54)	0.02 (1.54)	0.76	0.67

Table 2b. Reduction of Detectable Serum Biomarkers, by Treatment Group, for Markers with Low Frequency of Detection
	Treatment Group (N = 302)	Control Group(N = 318)	P value
IL-1β	10/16 (62.5%)^¶	13/23 (56.5)	0.75^**
IL-6	12/20 (60.0)	16/23 (69.6)	0.54
IL-8	8/9 (88.9)	4/5 (80.0)	1.00
TNF-α	15/23 (65.2)	14/25 (56.0)	0.57

Mean change (standard deviation), in the same units as Table 1; Positive value indicates an increase from baseline, negative values a decrease.

^†

Significantly different from baseline, P < 0.05

^§

Comparing groups; from adjusted analysis including clinical site (MN, KY, MS, NY), clinic by group interaction, age, BMI and race/ethnicity (Total N = 586, see Fig. 1).

^¶

Proportion (%) of women with baseline and follow-up biomarker data who had readings above the lower limit of detection at baseline and below the lower limit at 29–32 weeks.

^**

Comparing Groups; unadjusted comparison using Fisher’s exact test