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. 2010 Jul 30;3:14. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2010.00014

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Copyright © 2010 Klempin, Babu, De Pietri Tonelli, Alarcon, Fabel and Kempermann.

This is an open-access article subject to an exclusive license agreement between the authors and the Frontiers Research Foundation, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.

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Effects of acute and chronic 5-HT1a, 2, and 2c receptor agonists and antagonists treatment. (A,B) 5-HT1aR effects. (A) Acute treatment with the 5-HT1a receptor agonist 8-OH DPAT produces a significant increase in cell proliferation 1 day after BrdU injection, whereas chronic stimulation for 1 week has no effect. In contrast, acute 5-HT1a receptor blocking with WAY100135 causes no change in cell proliferation but decreases the number of BrdU-positive cells 1 week later. (B) Confocal analysis of the differentiation profile reveals a net increase in the proportion of BrdU/DCX-positive cells after acute stimulation, and a decrease of newborn neurons (BrdU+/NeuN+) upon chronic treatment with the antagonist. (C–H) Effects of acute and chronic 5-HT2 receptor agonist and antagonist treatment, and 5-HT2c receptor stimulation on precursor cell proliferation and differentiation in the adult dentate gyrus. (C) As compared to control, acute treatment with the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist Cinanserin leads to a large increase in the number of proliferating cells 1 day after BrdU injection, but shows no differences 1 week later. In contrast, acute stimulation with the agonist α-methyl-5-HT-maleate as well as chronic treatment over 7 days significantly decreases the number of BrdU-positive cells. Acute 5-HT2c receptor agonist treatment also decreases cell proliferation, but has no effect on survival. Phenotypic analysis reveals a significant decrease in BrdU+/Dcx+ cells after acute 5-HT2R antagonist treatment (D) that result in a largely net increase in the number of BrdU+ cells of undetermined phenotype (E). Phenotypic analysis of acute and chronic effects of the 5-HT2R agonist reveal a net decrease in type-1/2a and type-2b cells after acute treatment (F), and a significantly reduced number of newborn neurons after 7 days (G). Acute 5-HT2c receptor agonist treatment exerts a shift from type-1/2a (which decreases) to type-3 and newly postmitotic cells (which increases), with the type-2b stage being unaffected (H). Data present the absolute number of BrdU-positive cells per dentate gyrus as well as their phenotype by percentage and absolute number, mean ± SD. (I) In vitro, self-renewal potential of neural precursor cells indicated by the capacity to form spheres when plated at clonal densities. Upon 5-HT1aR antagonist (NAN-190) addition as well as upon 5-HT2R stimulation with α-methyl-5-HT the self-renewal potential was significantly decreased, whereas the 5-HT1aR agonist 8-OH DPAT had no effect when added to the culture. (J) Neuronal differentiation of precursor cells was detected by β-III-tubulin antibody staining, and the number of neurons was counted. 5-HT2R antagonist Cinanserin (Cin) potently decreased neuronal differentiation from adult neural precursor cells suggesting an essential role for 5-HT2R in neuronal differentiation. 5-HT2R agonist addition but not 5-HT2cR agonist (WAY161503) also inhibited neuronal differentiation.