TABLE 1.
Descriptive statistics and association analysis for inflammation markers and potential intervening variables stratified by the four study groups
| Controls (N=673) |
Depressed- only (N=109) |
Maltreated- only (N=56) |
Depressed+ Maltreated (N=27) |
Differences
among the 4 groups |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation markers | |||||
| C-Reactive Protein >3mg/L, % (n) |
17.9% (120) | 25.0% (27) | 30.4% (17) | 37% (10) |
X2=12.05,
p=0.007 |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=3.05,
p=0.08 |
X2=5.23,
p=0.02 |
X2=6.26,
p=0.01 |
|
| Inflammation Factor, mean (se) |
−0.06 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.10) | 0.25 (0.15) | 0.48 (0.24) |
F=4.17,
p=0.006 |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
F=1.51,
p=0.22 |
F=5.33,
p=0.02 |
F=7.90,
p=0.005 |
|
|
Potential intervening
variables |
|||||
| Depression recurrence, % (n) | |||||
| 0 | 67.5% (454) | 0.0% (0) | 67.9% (38) | 0.0% (0) |
X2=259.2,
p<0.0001 |
| 1 | 21.7% (146) | 44.0% (48) | 16.1% (9) | 25.9% (7) | |
| 2+ | 10.9% (73) | 56.0% (61) | 16.1% (9) | 74.1% (20) | |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=203.84,
p<0.0001 |
X2=2.02,
p=0.36 |
X2=96.54,
<0.0001 |
|
| SES in Childhood, % (n) | |||||
| Low | 16.7% (112) | 24.8% (27) | 40.0% (22) | 33.3% (9) |
X2=24.91,
p<0.0001 |
| Medium | 67.1% (449) | 56.0% (61) | 45.5% (25) | 55.6% (15) | |
| High | 16.2% (108) | 19.3% (21) | 14.6% (8) | 11.1% (3) | |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=5.71,
p=0.06 |
X2=18.58,
p<0.0001 |
X2=5.04,
p=0.08 |
|
| SES in Adulthood, % (n) | |||||
| Low | 27.8% (187) | 41.7% (45) | 42.9% (24) | 37.0% (10) |
X2=20.20,
p=0.003 |
| Medium | 34.8% (234) | 34.3% (37) | 25.0% (14) | 48.2% (13) | |
| High | 37.4% (252) | 24.1% (26) | 32.1% (18) | 14.8% (4) | |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=10.72,
p=0.005 |
X2=5.90,
p=0.05 |
X2=5.74,
p=0.06 |
|
| Cardiovascular Risk Cluster, % (n) |
16.5% (111) | 16.5% (18) | 17.9% (10) | 18.5% (5) |
X2=0.14,
p=0.99 |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=0.00,
p=0.99 |
X2=0.07,
p=0.80 |
X2=0.08,
p=0.78 |
|
| Smoking, % (n) | |||||
| 0 | 60.9% (410) | 57.4% (62) | 37.5% (21) | 33.3% (9) |
X2=39.84,
p<0.0001 |
| ≤ 10 | 17.5% (118) | 20.4% (22) | 21.4% (12) | 11.1% (3) | |
| 11-20 | 17.4% (117) | 19.4% (21) | 28.6% (16) | 33.3% (9) | |
| >20 | 4.2% (28) | 2.8% (3) | 12.5% (7) | 22.2% (6) | |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=1.28,
p=0.73 |
X2=16.27,
p=0.001 |
X2=25.02,
p<0.0001 |
|
| Other variables | |||||
| Male sex, % (n) | 56.0% (377) | 39.5% (43) | 44.6% (25) | 44.4% (12) |
X2=12.84,
p=0.005 |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=10.36,
p=0.001 |
X2=2.70,
p=0.10 |
X2=1.41,
p=0.24 |
|
| Medications, % (n) | 32.7% (218) | 23.2% (25) | 20.4% (11) | 18.5% (5) |
X2=8.71,
p=0.03 |
|
Differences between study
groups and controls |
- |
X2=3.93,
p=0.05 |
X2=3.49,
p=0.06 |
X2=2.39,
p=0.12 |