Table 1.
Summary of positive results for S. pneumoniae in samples obtained from Kenyan adults with community-aquired pneumonia: overall and stratified by antimicrobial exposure
| Test | Overall (n=281) |
Antimicrobial exposure | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=135) |
No (n=113) |
||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| n positive/ n obtained |
% positive | (95% CI) | n positive/ n obtained |
% positive | (95% CI) | n positive/ n obtained |
% positive | (95% CI) | |
| NPS culture | 99/237 | 42 | (35-48) | 30/116 | 26 | (18-35) | 60/ 93 | 65 | (54-74) |
| Sputum culture | 21/249 | 8 | ( 5-13) | 3/119 | 3 | ( 1- 8) | 15/103 | 15 | ( 9-23) |
| Lung-aspirate culture | 49/259 | 19 | (14-24) | 17/124 | 14 | ( 8-21) | 25/106 | 24 | (16-33) |
| Lung-aspirate PCR | 55/170 | 32 | (26-40) | 22/ 81 | 27 | (18-38) | 24/ 70 | 34 | (24-47) |
| Blood culture | 56/281 | 20 | (16-25) | 12/135 | 9 | ( 5-15) | 36/113 | 32 | (24-41) |
| Urine antigen | 90/275 | 33 | (27-39) | 46/135 | 34 | (26-43) | 33/113 | 29 | (21-39) |
| Anti-PsaA rise | 107/201 | 53 | (46-60) | 55/101 | 54 | (44-64) | 42/ 83 | 51 | (39-62) |
CI indicates confidence interval; NPS indicates nasopharyngeal swab