Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants in Analysis of covert MRI-defined brain infarcts.
| Characteristics | AGES- Reykjavik |
ARIC | ASPS | CHS | FHS | Rotterdam Study I |
Rotterdam Study II |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number with MRI and genotyping | 2866 | 751 | 787 | 2122 | 2291 | 481 | 591 |
| Excluded for TIA or stroke | 310 | 21 | 0† | 0† | 87 | 46 | 24 |
| Number in these analyses | 2556 | 730 | 787 | 2122 | 2204 | 435 | 567 |
| Number (%) with MRI-infarcts | 714 (27.9%) | 65 (8.9%) | 88 (11.2%) | 555 (26.2%) | 252 (11.4%) | 89 (20.4%) | 59 (10.4%) |
| Number (%) with lacunar infarcts | NA | 58 (8.0%) | 73 (9.3%) | 482 (22.7%) | 211 (9.6%) | 82 (18.9%) | 48 (8.5%) |
| Mean Age (±SD) at MRI | 76.2 (5.4) | 63.2 (±4.4) | 65.3 (±8.0) | 71.7 (±4.8) | 63.9 (±11.3) | 72.9 (7.9) | 67.2 (5.3) |
| Women, % | 1510 (59.1%) | 433 (59.3%) | 449 (57.1%) | 1304 (61.5%) | 1195 (54.2%) | 224 (51.5%) | 284 (50.1%) |
| Dementia at MRI, % | 107 (4.2%) | 0 | 0‡ | 77 (3.6%) | 6 (0.3%) | 0‡ | 0‡ |
| Cardiovascular risk factor at MRI* | |||||||
| Systolic BP (mean ±SD) | 142 (20) | 119 (±17) | 143 (±22.6) | 133.7 (±20.5) | 127 (±19) | 146 (20) | 145 (18) |
| Hypertension (mean ± SD) | 2025 (79.2%) | 193 (26.7%) | 524 (66.6%) | 1043 (49.2%) | 943 (43.6%) | 310 (71.3%) | 391 (69%) |
| Diabetes Mellitus, % | 271 (10.6%) | 74 (10.2%) | 75 (9.5) | 203 (9.7%) | 261 (12.2%) | 18 (4.1%) | 51 (9%) |
| Current smoker, % | 320 (12.5%) | 136 (18.7%) | 92 (11.7) | 218 (10.3%) | 252 (11.7%) | 81 (18.6%) | 167 (30%) |
| Prevalent CVD at MRI, % | 397 (15.5%) | 41 (5.8%) | 269 (34.2%) | 0† | 242 (11.1%) | 31 (7.2%) | 38 (6.7%) |
AGES-Reykjavik, Aging Gene-Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study; ASPS, Austrian Stroke Prevention Study; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; TIA, transient ischemic attack; SD, standard deviation; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease other than transient ischemic attack or stroke, including clinically evident coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease; NA, not available.
Definition of baseline characteristics was uniform across all studies: Hypertension was defined using standard criteria17 as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg or being on antihypertensive treatment; Diabetes mellitus was defined as a casual or 2 hour post-prandial blood glucose ≥200mg/dl (11 mmol/L), a fasting blood glucose ≥126mg/dl (7 mmol/L), or use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents; CVD (cardiovascular disease) was defined as presence of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease or intermittent claudication.
In ASPS and CHS, participants with prevalent TIA or stroke were not included. In CHS, participants with other prevalent CVD were also not included.
In ASPS and Rotterdam studies, participants with dementia did not undergo cranial MRI.