Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the children according to antiretroviral treatment outcome group
| Characteristic | All | VS/IS** | VS/IF | VF/IS | VF/IF | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%) | 124 | 80 (65) | 27 (22) | 10 (8) | 7 (5) | |
| Sex n(%) | ||||||
| Male | 63 (51) | 40 (50) | 13 (48) | 5 (50) | 5 (71) | |
| Female | 61 (49) | 40 (50) | 14 (52) | 5 (50) | 2 (29) | 0.73† |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| median (IQR) | 5.0 (2.1- 7.0) | 4.7 (2.0 -8.6) | 7.0 (5.4-9.8) | 1.7 (0.9 - 2.8) | 4.08(1.3 -6.6) | 0.0001*a |
| BAZ¥ | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.29 (-2.9, -1.2) | 0.42 (-0.8, 0.9) | -0.42 (-1.7, 0.4) | 0.44 (0.2, 1.3) | 0.37 (0.3, 1.0) | 0.01* a |
| WAZ¥ | ||||||
| median (IQR)‡ | -1.2 (-2.1, - 0.5) | -1.13 (-1.9, - 0.2) | -2.10 (-2.9,-1.2) | -1.33 (-2.1, -0.6) | -0.90 (-1.1, -0.6) | 0.06a |
| HAZ¥ | ||||||
| median (IQR) | -2.0 (-2.9, -1.2) | -1.95 (-2.6, -1.1) | -2.39 (-3.2, -1.42) | - 2.55 (-3.7, -1.3) | -1.99 (-3.2, -1.5) | 0.18a |
| #WHO stage n (%) | ||||||
| Stage1 | 23 (19) | 14(18) | 6 (22) | 2 (20) | 1(14) | |
| Stage 2 | 63 (51) | 37(46) | 17 (63) | 5 (50) | 4(57) | |
| Stage 3 | 38 (30) | 29(36) | 4 (15) | 3 (30) | 2(29) | 0.61 |
| WAZ category‡ | ||||||
| WAZ >-2 | 81 (72) | 58 (77) | 10 (48) | 7 (70) | 6 (100) | |
| WAZ <=-2 | 31 (28) | 17 (23) | 11 (52) | 3 (30) | 0 (0) | 0.02* |
| HAZ category | ||||||
| HAZ >-2 | 62 (50) | 42 (53) | 12 (44) | 4 (40) | 4 (57) | |
| HAZ <=-2 | 62 (50) | 38 (47) | 15 (55) | 6 (60) | 3 (43) | 0.78 |
| BAZ category | ||||||
| BAZ >-2 | 117 (94) | 75 (94) | 25 (93) | 10 (100) | 7(100) | |
| BAZ <=-2 | 7 (6) | 5 (6) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0. 75 |
| Log10 HIV-1 RNA | ||||||
| median (IQR) | 5.55 (5.2 - 5.8) | 5.54 (5.2 - 5.9) | 5.36 (4.9 - 5.7) | 5.88 (5.7 - 5.9) | 5.76 (5.6 - 6.2) | 0.007* a |
| CD4 cell % | ||||||
| median (IQR)§ | 11.75 (7.5 - 18.0) | 14.7 (10.3 -19.7) | 7.2 (3.3 - 9.0) | 14.6 (8.4 - 21.0) | 5 (3.8 -11.1) | 0.0001* a |
| CD4 cell % category | ||||||
| n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 5% | 19 (16) | 6 (8) | 8 (31) | 1 (10) | 4 (57) | |
| > 5% - ≤ 10% | 30 (25) | 13 (17) | 13 (50) | 3 (30) | 1 (14) | |
| > 10% | 71 (59) | 58 (75) | 5 (19) | 6 (60) | 2 (29) | < .0001* |
a Kruskal Wallis tests for p values and others based on Pearson Chi-squared test *Statistically significant at the 0.05 alpha level ‡n = 112 because 12 children >10 yrs #according to WHO paediatric clinical staging 2003 §4 missing CD4 cell percents at baseline. ¥BAZ = basal metabolic rate z score, ¥WAZ = weight for age z score, ¥HAZ = height for age z score. **VS = virological success, IS = immunological success, VF = virological failure, IF = immunological failure.