Gross phenotypes of mice. Gross features of wild-type (WT) mice, klotho−/− mice, NaPi2a−/−/klotho−/− mice fed with a normal-phosphate diet (DKO+NPD), and NaPi2a−/−/klotho−/− mice fed with a high-phosphate diet (DKO+HPD) at ∼9 wk of age (left panel). Body weight curves (right panel) for the 4 different categories show that DKO+HPD mice (n=7) are significantly smaller than DKO+NPD mice (n=46). When compared with WT mice (n=22), hyperphosphatemic klotho−/− mice (n=23) are significantly smaller. Note that DKO+NPD mice are larger than klotho−/− mice, suggesting that reducing serum phosphate levels in klotho−/− mice can help to increase body weight in DKO+NPD mice. *P < 0.0001, WT vs. klotho−/− mice; #P < 0.001, DKO+NPD vs. DKO+HPD.