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Schematic view of cochlear reperfusion injury. Reoxygenation leads to the generation of superoxide anions, in which mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved. Superoxide anions are converted into hydroxyl radicals via the Fenton reaction in the presence of iron. NO is also generated by nNOS and iNOS during the reperfusion period. These reactive oxygen species cause the reperfusion injury of outer hair cells. IHC: inner hair cell. OHCs: outer hair cells.
