Fig. 5.
The proliferative effect of NPY in VSMCs is PKC- and CaMKII-dependent. Two different PKC inhibitors, GF109203X and chelerythrine chloride (10−7 mol·L−1, pretreatment for 10 min), as well as a specific CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93 (0.5 × 10−6 mol·L−1, pretreatment for 60 min), abolished NPY-induced [3H]thymidine uptake at both growth peaks. Significant at *, p< 0.05 compared with 0.25% FBS SmBM alone (control) by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. #, p < 0.05 compared with the samples treated with NPY only at the same concentration. n = 3 separate experiments.