Table 2.
The means and standard deviations of the log-transformed total naphthyl-keratin adduct levels [ln(pmole adduct/μg keratin)] measured in the epidermis of the US Air Force personnel exposed to jet fuel.
| Exposure Group | Base A | Base B | Base C | Base D | Base E | All Bases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 0.642±0.210a (n = 30) | 1.021±0.259 (n = 22) | 1.444±0.367b (n = 15) | 1.270±0.201b (n = 22) | 1.019±0.258 (n = 16) | 1.025±0.377 (n = 105) |
| High | 0.630±0.224a (n = 22) | 1.082±0.248 (n = 15) | 1.546±0.364b (n = 9) | 1.315±0.175c (n = 16) | 1.157±0.150 (n = 7) | 1.060±0.400* (n = 69) |
| Medium | 0.541±0.107 (n = 4) | 0.884±0.273 (n = 6) | 1.113±0.319 (n = 2) | NA | 0.899±0.359 (n = 5) | 0.835±0.312 (n = 17) |
| Low | 0.811±0.100d (n = 4) | 0.930 (n = 1) | 1.380±0.366 (n = 4) | 1.153±0.232 (n = 6) | 0.930±0.196 (n = 4) | 1.070±0.299 (n = 19) |
| Aircraft type | Single-seat training/combat | Fighter | Transporte | Transporte | Fighter, refueling | |
| Fuel capacity (L) | 6,200 | 20,000 | 26,000–36,500 | 33,700 | 20,000 | |
n = Number of subjects.
NA = Not applicable; no workers in this category.
a
Significantly lower than all the other bases.
b
Significantly higher than bases A, B, and E.
c
Significantly higher than bases A and B.
d
Significantly lower than base C.
e
Significant difference between transport planes (base C and base D) and fighter jets (base B and base E) (p < 0.0001)
*
Significant difference between high- and medium-exposure group (p = 0.069).