Table 2A.
Baseline characteristics of patients in MortalitydigHR-NS group vs. MortalitydigHR>1 group.
| MortalitydigHR-NS | MortalitydigHR>1 | Odds ratio | |Z| | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=6818 | n=938 | ||||
| Continuous/ordinal variables (mean±SD) | |||||
| Age (yrs) | 63±11 | 68±9 | 12 | <0.001 | |
| NYHA class | 2.2±0.7 | 2.2±0.7 | 0.10 | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 124±17 | 147±17 | 33 | <0.001 | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 78±13 | 83±12 | 12 | <0.001 | |
| BMI | 27±5 | 29±6 | 7 | <0.001 | |
| Cardiothoracic ratio | 0.53±0.07 | 0.54±0.08 | 3 | 0.002 | |
| EF (%) | 31±12 | 40±15 | 18 | <0.001 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.3±0.4 | 1.3±0.4 | 0.84 | ||
| Categorical variables (%) | |||||
| Females | 20 | 58 | 5.6 | <0.001 | |
| Race (Caucasians) | 86 | 84 | 0.137 | ||
| DM | 25 | 56 | 3.3 | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 43 | 75 | 3.3 | <0.001 | |
| Ischemic etiology | 69 | 66 | 0.07 | ||
| Limitation - activity | 76 | 77 | 0.27 | ||
| Peripheral edema | 21 | 20 | 0.58 | ||
| S3 | 24 | 20 | 0.77 | 0.004 | |
| X-ray congestion | 14 | 15 | 0.55 | ||
| ACE inhibitor use | 94 | 92 | 0.05 | ||
| Diuretic use | 77 | 84 | 1.7 | <0.001 | |
| Potassium sparing diuretic use | 8 | 6 | 0.13 | ||
| Digoxin use | 50 | 50 | 0.92 | ||
p value of <0.001 was considered highly significant. Odds ratio and Z score are for variables in MortalitydigHR>1 group in comparison with MortalitydigHR:NS group. Odds ratio <0.5 or >2 and |Z|>10 was considered as a large effect size. Bold variables indicate a highly significant difference with a large effect size. BMI: body mass index; DM: diabetes mellitus; EF: ejection fraction; MortalitydigHR-NS: group with non-significant association of digoxin use with all cause mortality; MortalitydigHR>1: group with increase in all cause mortality with use of digoxin; S3: third heart sound; SBP: systolic blood pressure.